End Show 5-2 Limits to Growth Slide 1 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Limiting Factors 5-2 Limits to Growth 63. What factors limit a pop’s growth? Limiting nutrients and limiting factors. limiting nutrient - the primary productivity of an ecosystem can be reduced when there is an insufficient supply of a particular nutrient. A limiting nutrient is a type of limiting factor. limiting factor – a factor that causes population growth to decrease.

End Show 5-2 Limits to Growth Slide 2 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Density-Dependent Factors 64. What are the types of limiting factors? density-dependent limiting factor - a limiting factor that depends on pop size. density-independent limiting factor – a limiting factor that affects all pops in similar ways, regardless of the population size. 65. What are the types of D-D limiting factors? Competition, predation, parasitism, and disease. 66. What are characteristics of D-D limiting factors? They operate only when the pops density reaches a certain level (large and dense). They do not affect small, scattered pops as greatly.

End Show 5-2 Limits to Growth Slide 3 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Density-Dependent Factors 67. What are characteristics of competition? When populations become crowded, organisms compete for food, water, space, sunlight and other essentials. Competition among members of the same species is a density-dependent limiting factor. Competition can occur between members of different species, which can lead to evolutionary change. Over time, the species may evolve to occupy different niches.

End Show Slide 4 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall What 2 factors limit a pop’s growth? Which limiting factor depends on a pop’s size? Density-Independent or Density Dependent What are the 4 types of density dependent limiting factors? What are 2 characteristics of competition?

End Show 5-2 Limits to Growth Slide 5 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Density-Dependent Factors 68. What are characteristics of predation? Pops in nature are often controlled by predation. The regulation of a population by predation takes place within a predator-prey relationship, one of the best- known mechanisms of population control. Wolf and Moose Populations on Isle Royale

End Show 5-2 Limits to Growth Slide 6 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Density-Dependent Factors 69. What are characteristics of parasitism and disease? Parasites can limit the growth of a population. A parasite lives in or on another organism (the host) and sometimes harms it. Disease makes it easier for pop members to be preyed upon, and also kills some of the members. 70. What are examples of density-independent limiting factors? Unusual weather, natural disasters, seasonal cycles, and certain human activities —such as damming rivers and clear-cutting forests.

End Show Slide 7 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall What is one of the best known mechanisms of pop control? Parasitism and Disease make it _______ for population numbers to increase? Easier or Harder What are 2 examples of density independent limiting factors?

End Show Slide 8 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 5-2 A limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways regardless of their size might be a.drought. b.disease. c.predation. d.crowding.

End Show Slide 9 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 5-2 Which of the following would be a limiting factor affecting the panda population of China? a.programs that educate people about endangered species b.capture of some pandas for placement in zoos c.laws protecting habitat destruction d.a disease that kills bamboo plants

End Show Slide 10 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 5-2 Density-dependent factors operate most strongly when a population is a.large and dense. b.large but sparse. c.small and sparse. d.small, but growing.

End Show Slide 11 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 5-2 Within a limited area, if the population of a predator increases, the population of its prey is likely to a.increase. b.decrease. c.remain about the same. d.become extinct.

End Show Slide 12 of 21 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 5-2 Which of the following is a density-independent factor affecting populations? a.predation b.disease c.a destructive hurricane d.parasites