KALABAGH DAM PROJECT General Reservations of Provinces on KBD Feasibility PROJECT BY RABIA RASHEED SHEHRBANO AKBAR ZIL-E-HUMA AKBAR

AIMS OF PROPOSED KBD To Generate Large Amounts of Low Cost Hydro Electric Power. To Increase the Energy Output of the Existing Tarbela Scheme. To Provide Additional Storage and Regulation on the Indus River. To Eliminate and Control the Flood Peaks in the River Indus. To Enhance Water Management by the Conjunctive Operation of Tarbela and KBD Reservoir. To Generate Large Amounts of Low Cost Hydro Electric Power. To Increase the Energy Output of the Existing Tarbela Scheme. To Provide Additional Storage and Regulation on the Indus River. To Eliminate and Control the Flood Peaks in the River Indus. To Enhance Water Management by the Conjunctive Operation of Tarbela and KBD Reservoir.

COST OF KBD Kalabagh Dam's Cost was Projected to be Rs 250 Billion in 1997 Which by the Year 2004 has Increased to the Tune of Rs 660 Billion, if Construction Work is Started Immediately. The Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) and Ministry of Water and Power have Calculated Afresh the Cost of the Kalabagh Dam Project Which was US $ 11 Billion in Kalabagh Dam's Cost was Projected to be Rs 250 Billion in 1997 Which by the Year 2004 has Increased to the Tune of Rs 660 Billion, if Construction Work is Started Immediately. The Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) and Ministry of Water and Power have Calculated Afresh the Cost of the Kalabagh Dam Project Which was US $ 11 Billion in 2004.

LOCATION MAP OF KBD

GHAZI BAROTHA POWER STATION

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF KBD PROJECT LAND & ITS ACQUISITION acres Acquisition on the Basis of Easement PURPOSE OF RIGHT BANK CANAL Disposal of Floodwater Total Maximum Discharge Capacity of 2 Million Cusecs FUNCTIONS OF LEFT BANK CANAL Powerhouse Ultimate Power Generation Capacity of 3600 MW. KBD RESERVOIR Extend 92 Miles up the Indus Extend 36 miles up the Soan River Extend 10 miles up the Kabul River from the Kabul-Indus confluence

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF KBD PROJECT AREA OF THE RESERVOIR The Reservoir Area would be 164 Sq. Miles in Total at Kabul Indus Confluece POPULATION TO BE DISPLACED FROM PUNJAB FROM NWFP COMPENSATION PLAN FOR DISPLACED POPULATION Minimum of 12.5 Acres Land Per Land Owning Family CLEARANCE OF THE DEPOSITED SEDIMENT FROM THE RESERVOIR Orifice Spillway

EXPECTED BENEFITS OF THE KBD PROJECT Enhancement in the Irrigation Water Supply. Enhancement in the Power Generation Capacity. Capacity (MW) Generation (GWH)

POWER GENERATION ESTIMATION

ELECTRICITY PRODUCERS TOTAL GENERATING CAPACITY WAPDA HYDEL6461 MW WAPDA THERMAL MW KESC176 MW INDEPENDENT PP 6365 MW PAKISTAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION 462 MW TOTAL24736 MW

ELECTRICITY STATISTICS TOTAL GENERATING CAPACITY 24,736 MW TOTAL PRODUCTION 9500 MW DEMAND 14,500 MW SHORTAGE 5000 MW

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS OF NWFP, SINDH & BALUCHISTAN

RESERVATIO NS OF NWFP RESERVATIO NS OF SINDH RESERVATIO N OF BALUCHISTA N FLOODING OF PESHAWAR & NOWSHEHRA VALLEY KBD WOULD RENDER SINDH INTO DESERT REDUCTION IN THE EXISTING SHARE OF IRRIGATION WATER DRAINAGE OF SURROUNDING AREA OF MARDAN, PABBI & SWABI PLAINS SINDH’S SHARE OF THE INDUS WATER WILL BE CURTAILED OPERATION OF MARDAN SCARP WOULD BE ADVERSLY AFFECTED LOCATION OF DAM ON FAULT LINE FERTILE CULTIVABLE LAND WOULD BE SUBMERGED HIGH LEVEL OUTLETS WOULD BE USED TO DIVERT WATER FROM THE RESERVOIR LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE WOULD BE DISPLACED NO SURPLUS WATER TO FILL KBD

RESERVATIONS OF NWFP (KHYBERPAKHTOONKHUA) FLOODING OF PESHAWAR & NOWSHEHRA VALLEY DRAINAGE OF SURROUNDING AREA OF MARDAN, PABBI & SWABI PLAINS OPERATION OF MARDAN SCARP WOULD BE ADVERSLY AFFECTED FERTILE CULTIVABLE LAND WOULD BE SUBMERGED LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE WOULD BE DISPLACED FLOODING OF PESHAWAR & NOWSHEHRA VALLEY DRAINAGE OF SURROUNDING AREA OF MARDAN, PABBI & SWABI PLAINS OPERATION OF MARDAN SCARP WOULD BE ADVERSLY AFFECTED FERTILE CULTIVABLE LAND WOULD BE SUBMERGED LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE WOULD BE DISPLACED

RESERVATIONS OF SINDH KBD Will Render SINDH Into Desert No Constant Flow of Indus Sea Water Intrusion

RESERVATIONS OF SINDH Sindh’s Share of Indus Water will be Curtailed Water from KBD will go to Irrigate Farmlands in other Provinces at Their Cost

RESERVATIONS OF SINDH Location of Dam on Fault Line Highly Dangerous Area on Active Seismic Zone Underlying Rocks contain Numerous Fractures

RESERVATIONS OF SINDH High Level Outlets would be Used to Divert Water from the Reservoir

RESERVATIONS OF SINDH No Surplus Water to Fill KBD Reservoir Availability of Water in 3 Western Rivers = MAF Requirement of 4 Provinces = MAF Release below Kotri =10MAF Remainder = -0.76MAF Negative Balance Shows There is not Enough Water in River Indus to be Stored for Later Use. No Surplus Water to Fill KBD Reservoir Availability of Water in 3 Western Rivers = MAF Requirement of 4 Provinces = MAF Release below Kotri =10MAF Remainder = -0.76MAF Negative Balance Shows There is not Enough Water in River Indus to be Stored for Later Use.

RESERVATION OF BALUCHISTAN Reduction in the Existing Share of Irrigation Water

IMPACTS OF KBD PROJECT Population Displacement Agricultural land Submergence Back Water Effect In Nowshera Siltation Damage To Mangrove Forest And KACHO In Sindh Population Displacement Agricultural land Submergence Back Water Effect In Nowshera Siltation Damage To Mangrove Forest And KACHO In Sindh

POPULATION DISPLACEMENT Displacement and Resettlement of Population According to 1991 Projected Figures, will be 83,000 persons. A Resettlement Plan Includes Model Villages in Near Vicinity and Facilities for Alternative Employment is Prepared by WAPDA and Reviewed by WORLD BANK Experts.

AGRICULTURAL LAND SUBMERGENCE AREA OF THE RESERVOIR ACRES UNCULTIVABLE LAND ACRES UNCULTIVABLE LAND 74% OF TOTAL AREA AREA UNDER DRY FARMING 23.4% IRRIGATED 2.6% IRRIGATED ACRES OF TOTAL

BACK WATER EFFECT IN NOWSHERA The Reservoir Limit in the Kabul River Bed Ends about 10 Miles Downstream of Nowshera Town in the Adopted Project Scheme. With Prescribed Operation Sequence, There is No Danger of Backwater Effects Traveling to Nowshera Even in a Flood Similar to the Maximum Recorded Flood.

SILTATION No Siltation Problems will be Faced in Case of KBD. Dams Before KALABAGH Filter Out Much of the Silt, So the Rate of Buildup will Decrease. By Silt Deposition the Foundation of Dam is Protected.

MANGROVE FOREST AND KACHO IN SINDH Sindh has a Reservation that KBD will Adversely Affect its Mangrove Forest, Fish Production and Drinking Water Supply Below Kotri. Real Causes of this Reduction are Uncontrolled Overgrazing and Cutting due to Extreme Population Pressure of Karachi. Real Need is for Replanting Salt Tolerant Varieties with Provision for Controlled Doses of Freshwater. This Possibility would be Much Enhanced with an Upstream Storage Facility ike Kalabagh.

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