Introduction of Bio-lab Technique And Its Application to DNA Computing School of Chemical Engineering Cell & Microbial Engineering Lab. Lee Eun Jeong.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Advertisements

Manipulating DNA: tools and techniques
Polymerase Chain Reaction
DNA Technology & Gene Mapping Biotechnology has led to many advances in science and medicine including the creation of DNA clones via recombinant clones,
Recombinant DNA Technology
Recombinant DNA Technology. Recombinant DNA Technology combines DNA from different sources – usually different species Utility: this is done to study.
Cell and Microbial Engineering Laboratory Solution of a 20-Variable 3-SAT Problem on a DNA Computer Ravinderjit S. Braich, Nickolas.
Recombinant DNA Introduction to Recombinant DNA technology
Additional Powerful Molecular Techniques Synthesis of cDNA (complimentary DNA) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Microarray analysis Link to Gene Therapy.
The small sample of DNA serves as template for DNA polymerase Make complementary primers Add primers in more than 1000-fold excess Heat to make ssDNA,
1 Library Screening, Characterization, and Amplification Screening of libraries Amplification of DNA (PCR) Analysis of DNA (Sequencing) Chemical Synthesis.
Lecture ONE: Foundation Course Genetics Tools of Human Molecular Genetics I.
1 Characterization, Amplification, Expression Screening of libraries Amplification of DNA (PCR) Analysis of DNA (Sequencing) Chemical Synthesis of DNA.
Gene Cloning Techniques for gene cloning enable scientists to prepare multiple identical copies of gene-sized pieces of DNA. Most methods for cloning pieces.
Molecular Genetics Introduction to The Structures of DNA and RNA
Variants of PCR Lecture 4
CULTURE INDEPENDENT ANALYSIS OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN SOIL
AP Biology: Chapter 14 DNA Technologies
-The methods section of the course covers chapters 21 and 22, not chapters 20 and 21 -Paper discussion on Tuesday - assignment due at the start of class.
Dr. Sumbul Fatma Department of Medical Biochemistry.
Recombinant DNA Technology……….. BTEC3301. DNA Libraries How do you identify the gene of interest and clone only the DNA sequence you are interested? Read.
How do you identify and clone a gene of interest? Shotgun approach? Is there a better way?
DNA Cloning and PCR.
Biotechnology Methods Producing Recombinant DNAProducing Recombinant DNA Locating Specific GenesLocating Specific Genes Studying DNA SequencesStudying.
Biological engineering The recombinant DNA technique Recombinant DNA Any DNA molecule formed by joining DNA fragments from different sources. Commonly.
Molecular Genetics Techniques BIT 220 Chapter 20.
DNA Technologies.
19.1 Techniques of Molecular Genetics Have Revolutionized Biology
Biotechnology Chapter 17.
PHARMACOBIOTECHNOLOGY.  Recombinant DNA (rDNA) is constructed outside the living cell using enzymes called “restriction enzymes” to cut DNA at specific.
INTRODUCTION. INTRODUCTION Introduction   In the past, amplifying (replication) of DNA was done in bacteria and took weeks. In 1971, paper in the.
PPT-1. Experiment Objective: The objective of this experiment is to amplify a DNA fragment by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and to clone the amplified.
DNA Amplification and PCR Technology
1 Objectives describe the steps in gene cloning by using plasmid as the vector.
Chapter 20: DNA Technology and Genomics - Lots of different techniques - Many used in combination with each other - Uses information from every chapter.
Molecular Basis for Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype DNA RNA protein genotype function organism phenotype DNA sequence amino acid sequence transcription.
Amplification of a DNA fragment by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Ms. Nadia Amara.
Molecular Genetic Technologies Gel Electrophoresis PCR Restriction & ligation Enzymes Recombinant plasmids and transformation DNA microarrays DNA profiling.
Molecular Tools. Recombinant DNA Restriction enzymes Vectors Ligase and other enzymes.
Genetic Engineering/ Recombinant DNA Technology
Chapter 20 DNA Technology and Genomics. Biotechnology is the manipulation of organisms or their components to make useful products. Recombinant DNA is.
PCR With PCR it is possible to amplify a single piece of DNA, or a very small number of pieces of DNA, over many cycles, generating millions of copies.
Recombinant DNA Reverse genetics Synthesis of DNA probes Restriction enzymes, plasmids and recombinant DNA Genomic and cDNA libraries Applications.
Chapter 14 GENETIC TECHNOLOGY. A. Manipulation and Modification of DNA 1. Restriction Enzymes Recognize specific sequences of DNA (usually palindromes)
Green with envy?? Jelly fish “GFP” Transformed vertebrates.
Recombinant DNA & gene cloning Biology Donald Winslow 5 October 2010.
Genetics: Analysis and Principles Robert J. Brooker CHAPTER 18 RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY.
Gene Cloning 분자생물학실험 이효민 DNA Cloning DNA cloning is a technique for reproducing DNA fragments. It can be achieved by two different approaches:
Lecture 3 – Selection of Recombinants & clone analysis The white colonies will all be recombinants, but only one of these many colonies will contain the.
Jeopardy Final Jeopardy Gene Cloning Plasmids Ligase PCR $100 $100
Gene Cloning Techniques for gene cloning enable scientists to prepare multiple identical copies of gene-sized pieces of DNA. Most methods for cloning pieces.
DNA Technologies (Introduction)
Molecular Cloning: Polymerase Chain Reaction
Chapter 20: DNA Technology and Genomics
DNA Tools & Biotechnology
The Role of Recombinant DNA Technology in Biotechnology
Material for Quiz 5: Chapter 8
BIO201 Introduction to Biochemistry & Biotechnology
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Chapter 20 – DNA Technology and Genomics
PNA-mediated Whiplash PCR
Chapter 14 Bioinformatics—the study of a genome
Recombinant DNA Technology
Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
DNA Tools & Biotechnology
Recombinant DNA Technology
Molecular diagnosis of viral hepatitis
DNA computing on surfaces
Chapter 20: DNA Technology and Genomics
Presentation transcript:

Introduction of Bio-lab Technique And Its Application to DNA Computing School of Chemical Engineering Cell & Microbial Engineering Lab. Lee Eun Jeong

DNA Computing Protocol Appropriate Reaction (Hybridization, Enzyme reaction etc.) Amplification Separation Detection

Characteristic of DNA Hybridization Hairpin formation  Triple hybridization  Plasmid

Introduction of un-common PCR

Exclusive PCR (ePCR ) Whiplash PCR Real Time PCR Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR)

Exclusive PCR (ePCR ) (1) Template 가 되는 strand 가 안정한 hairpin 구조를 형성 할 경우, DNA polmerase 가 steric hindrance 를 받아 증 폭을 계속 할 수 없음 DNA strand 중 hairpin 구조를 형성하지 않은 strand 들만 증폭하게 되고, hairpin 을 형성한 strand 는 상대 적으로 극소수로 남게 됨 K. Sakamoto et al. : CNF-SAT problem 을 푸는데, ssDNA molecule 의 hairpin 형성과 ePCR 방법을 이용

ePCR (2) DNA polymerase DNA Primer 5 `3 `

Whiplash PCR 부족한 oligomer 에 상보적인 sequence 가 연속으로 오면 증폭이 멈춤 ‘goto’ 문에 이용, State transition (Sakamoto et al.)

Real Time PCR (1) 형광 label 된 oligonucleotide probe 를 사용 원하는 product 에 대한 signal 만을 받아들 여 정확하게 정량 PCR 의 product 를 실시간으로 확인 : computing mechanism 이 효율적으로 잘 이루어 지고 있는지의 확인에 이용

Real Time PCR (2) Taq polymerase : 5' exonuclease activity : PCR extension 단계에 target 과 결합되어 있던 형광 lable 된 hybridization probe 를 절단 5'end : reporter dye labeling (ex.fluorescein) 3'end : quencher dye labeling (ex.TAMRA)

Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) High sensitivity 소량의 mRNA 로부터 cDNA 를 얻어 분석

Application of Triple Hybridization

Triple Hybridization (1)

Triple Hybridization (2)

Triple Hybridization (3) Probe 로 이용 → Double strand 에 third strand 가 hybridization (TAC) → Third strand 를 probe 로 이용, dsDNA 의 separation → Affinity Chromatography, Bead separation 에 이용

Magnetic bar

Triple Hybridization (4) Advantage → ssDNA 의 unstability 극복 → dsDNA 상태로 검출되므로 Integrity 의 손상을 입지 않고 separation 이 가능 ( 기존의 방법은 denaturing step 을 거침 )

Triple Hybridization (5) Example → SAT problem 의 각 clause 에 대한 True value 와 결합 → MIS problem 에서 edge 로 연결된 vertex 를 포함하는 subset 의 제거

MIS problem - maximum independent set problem - G=(V,E) 로 주어진 graph 에서 edge 로 연결된 vertex 를 모두 포함하지 않는 subset S 를 찾 는 문제

Triplet Formation 을 이용한 MIS Problem Solving Strategy Library string synthesis Stable dsDNA library formation Split into two tube

Transfer the supernatant to one tube Repeat for the all edge Separation, Amplify & Sequencing Passing through The affinity column immobilized the third strand of each edge’s variables

SAT problem

Triplet Formation 을 이용한 SAT Problem Solving Strategy Library string synthesis Passing through The affinity column immobilized the third strand of each clause’s variables Eliminate the supernatant

Repeat to all clause Make the column triplex-destabilizing condition Separation of the solution Amplify and Sequencing

Plasmid

Plasmid 세균의 세포 내에 염색체와 별개로 존재 독자적으로 증식 가능 고리모양의 유전자 세균이 증식할 때 함께 증폭됨 유전공학 기술에서 널리 응용되는 vector 재조합유전자 DNA 합성에 유용한 도구

Plasmid Map Example

Advantage of Plasmid Computation 에 필요한 DNA plasmid 를 구입하여 실험 목적에 적합하도록 변형시켜 사용 Plasmid 의 환경 ( 효소, buffer, 온도, 염의 농도 등 ) 변화 → plasmid 행동의 다양한 변화로, single plasmid 로 computer 와 유사 하게 구현 Computation 과정 내내 double strand 로 유지됨 → ssDNA 의 self-annealing 이 일어나지 않음 PCR amplification 불필요 Bacteria (E. coli) 에 transformation → stock 을 만들어두면 저장이 편리하고 쉽게 다시 이용 가능

Plasmid 를 이용한 Computing 예 (1) MIS problem (T. Head et al) - maximum independent set problem - vertex 를 나타내는 ‘ station ’ sequence 를 모두 포함 하는 DNA segment 를 plasmid 에 포함시킴 - 각 station 의 양끝에 specific 한 RE site 첨가 - edge 로 연결되는 vertex 중 하나를 제거할 때 RE 이용

MIS 에 이용된 plasmid

Computing 에 이용될 수 있는 Plasmid Technique Ampicillin resistance 이용 -Amp r sequence 사이에 fragment 삽입 Gene coding sequence 이용 - Protein assay (secretion 문제 ) E. coli 의 lac Z gene 이용 - lac Z gene 사이에 fragment 삽입 Replica Plate – 동일한 sequence 지닌 plasmid 복제

Reference Molecular Computation by DNA Hairpin Formation, Kensaku Sakamoto et al. science vol. 288, 19 May 2000 State Transitions by Molecules, Kensaku Sakamoto et al. Biosystems 52 (1999) Computing with DNA by operating on plasmids, Head et al., Biosystems 57 (2000) Solution of a 20-Variable 3-SAT Problem on a DNA Computer, Ravinderjit S. Bralch et al. science vol. 296, 19 April 2002 Recombinant DNA, James D. Watson, Michael Gilman, Scientific American Books, 2 nd ed Triple-Helical Nucleic Acids, Valery N. Soyfer, Vladimir N. Potaman, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc Brock Biology of Microorganisms, Madigan, Martinko, Parker, Prentice Hall, 9 th ed., 2000