Nuclear Bombs Manhattan Project. Conception America feared an invasion of Japan would cost too many lives Manhattan Project (1942): Research and Development.

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Presentation transcript:

Nuclear Bombs Manhattan Project

Conception America feared an invasion of Japan would cost too many lives Manhattan Project (1942): Research and Development program for Atomic Bomb -named after Manhattan, New York Began in 1939 Albert Einstein -fled Nazi Germany to the U.S. -wrote a letter to FDR urging him to explore nuclear weaponry in 1939 Research team led by Robert J. Oppenheimer President Harry S. Truman (Roosevelt Died in April of 1945)

Atomic Bomb Made of plutonium and uranium Nuclear fission Plutonium -239 main ingredient Test explosion in New Mexico

Potsdam Declaration July 26 th, 1945 Called for Unconditional Surrender of Japan President Harry S. Truman, Great Britain, and China If Japan does not surrender, the would face “Prompt and Utter Destruction”. Japan did not tell it’s people However, U.S. Bombers dropped leaflets Japan ignored the call for a surrender…

Hiroshima August 6 th, 1945 “Enola Gay” B-29 Bomber Bomb named “Little Boy”

Destruction Explosion equivalent to 15,000 tons of TNT Destroyed every building within a mile radius of ground zero Massive firestorm 75,000 people instantly killed 100,000 total by the end of 1945 Radiation effects

Nagasaki No response from Japan after 1 st bomb August 9 th, 1945 “Fat Man” bomb dropped 40,000 instantly killed

Japan Surrenders Japan officially surrenders on August 14 th, Victory over Japan Day September 2 nd, Japan leaders meet with General Douglas MacArthur aboard the U.S.S. Missouri to sign surrender

Japan’s Surrender

Review What was the name of the project set up to develop the atomic bomb? Who warned President Roosevelt to pursue the use of nuclear fission to develop a bomb? What was the 1 st drop site of the atomic bomb? What was the 2 nd drop site? What were the names given to the bombs? When was Victory over Japan Day? What US ship did Japan sign their surrender aboard?