Horror of Atomic Age 1945 to Today Week 9

Atomic Age (1945-present) Showa ( ) Heisei (1989-present) Nuclear Age begins (1945) Nuclear Bomb Test on Surface ( ) Nuclear Power for Electrical Generation (1951-) Underground Nuclear Test Continues… The latest one conducted by N. Korea on January 6, 2016

Nuclear Explosion on Earth ( )

Nuclear Testing at Bikini Atoll ( )  The US conducted series of 23 atomic bomb testing ( ) at Bikini Atoll  March 1, 1954, the US tested a 15Mt (1000x of Hiroshima) of hydrogen bomb

Castle Bravo, Hydrogen Bomb Testing (1954)

Camp Desert Rock Nevada Test Site (1951)

Nuclear Texting in the US (e.g. Nevada)  One Bomb Every Three Weeks for 12 Years (total of 235 bombs)  Flashes from the explosions were so powerful that they could reportedly be seen from as far away as Montana.

Atomic Tourism  Generating tourism  The Las Vegas Chamber of Commerce issued a calendar for tourists, listing the scheduled times of the bomb detonations and the best places to view them.  Televised broadcast of the bomb, atomic culture swept the nation  Many tourists packed "atomic box lunches”  On the eve of detonations, many Las Vegas businesses held "Dawn Bomb Parties." Beginning at midnight, guests would drink and sing until the flash of the bomb lit up the night sky.  The Sky Room at the Desert Inn, offering a panoramic view of the Nevada horizon

Atomic City, Las Vegas

Atomic Parties in Las Vegas ( )  One Bomb Every Three Weeks for 12 Years (total of 235 bombs)  Flashes from the explosions were so powerful that they could reportedly be seen from as far away as Montana.  As the tests continued, people in northeastern Nevada and southern Utah began complaining that their pets and livestock were suffering from beta particle burns and other ailments  By 1963 the Limited Test Ban was in effect, banning above ground nuclear testing at the site.

The Limited Test Ban Treaty (October 7 th, 1963)  The Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT) is a treaty prohibiting all test detonations of nuclear weapons except underground.  The Treaty was signed and ratified by the governments of the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States during the autumn of 1963.

Three Mile Island Nuclear Plant Accident (March 28, 1979)

Chernobyl Nuclear Plant Meltdown (April 26, 1986)

Japan’s Nuclear Policies Three Non-Nuclear Principles 非核三原則 (1954) “Japan shall neither possess nor manufacture nuclear weapons, nor shall it permit their introduction into Japanese territory” Four-Pillars Nuclear Policy (1967) 1. To promote the peaceful use of nuclear power 2. To work toward global nuclear disarmament 3. To rely on the extended U.S. nuclear deterrent 4. To support the Three Non- Nuclear Principles Background:  Nuclear research was banned in Japan after the August of 1945 by the UN.  San Francisco Peace Treaty (1951): End of the occupation c.f. Japan Self-Defence Forces  Nuclear development in Japan re- starts in 1952

Fukushima Dai-ich Nuclear Power Plant Melt Down (March 11, 2011)

ゴジラ ‘Godzilla’ ( 1954)

Gojira (1954) Background  Gojira began its production in May of 1954 and premiered on November 3 rd.  The US conducted series of 23 atomic bomb testing ( ) at Bikini Atoll  March 1, 1954, the US tested a 15Mt (1000x of Hiroshima) of hydrogen bomb  Over 1000 fishing boat, including Japanese Daigo-fukryuu-maru, were exposed to radiation; this triggered anti-nuclear testing movement in Japan

Gojira (1954): Too Close to the People’s Fear—Only 9 Years After 1945 Which pictures are form Gojira?

Father of Anime, Tezuka Osamu and His Heroes: Optimism and Despair

Manga and Anime: Post WWII 手塚治虫 （ Osamu Tezuka)  His manga focused on story lines, psychological depiction, emotional conflict and importance of human lives  First TV Anime, Tetsuwan Atomu (Astro Boy) airs in 1963