Organic farming in CZ – more detailed description Research Institute of Agricultural Economics (VUZE)‏ Pavla Wollmuthová Andrea Hrabalová Summer Academy, 16 June 2008

Organic crop statistics

Lay-out of organic land, Arable crops ,4% ,7% ,7% Grassland ,7% ,9% ,8% Permanent crops 359 0,3% 928 0,4% ,5% Others 576 0,5% ,1% ,0% Total ,0% ,0% ,0%

Share of organic in total agricultural land use structure (%), Share in: Total UAA5,976,165,986,61 Arable crops0,710,720,770,89 Grassland26,4827,4324,6226,11 Permanent crops2,76 1,732,95

Development of crop acreages on organic arable land (ha),

Crop composition in organic arable land Crops on arable land Crops acreage (ha) Share in total arable land (%)Growth (%) /2007 Cereals ,9%39,5% wheat ,4%42,8% oats ,0%104,9% barley ,4%89,3% Protein crops ,3%165,1% Root Crops (potatoes) ,5%49,8% Industrial crops ,7%44,7% rape ,9%194,8% Vegetables ,6%157,6% Fodder ,3%203,7% Fallow land ,6%67,7% Other undefined usage ,0%-65,7% Total %59,6%

Structure of crops in organic and total agricultural arable land (%)

Comparison of crop yields in OF and CF

Crops ConventionalOrganic Share OF in CF (CF = 100) Average wheat5,034,884,305,923,022,142,033, barley4,043,934,125,093,522,532,783, triticale4,013,743,624,822,092,782,312, rye3,743,453,655,472,062,412,103, oats3,052,823,103,992,142,162,442, potatoes27,2624,6420,1924,4911,3312,3813,4713, grapes7,395,605,45 -4,504,865,

Comparison of crop yields in OF and CF General decrease for crop production estimated as %  Cereals – yields are in range 60-70% of conventional yields  Potatoes – higher yield variation % of conventional yields  Industrial crops– less data due to lower acreage in OF; rapes % and oilseeds 50-88% of conventional yields  Protein crops (peas, beans) – lower decrease than cereals around 20% of conventional yields  Vegetable – very difficult comparison; yields are similar or higher than in CF but due to higher labour cost and time  Fodder crops / grass – estimated decrease is around 30%

Organic livestock statistics

Development of organic livestock (heads),

/2001 Horses % Cattle % Dairy cows % Sheep % Goats % Pigs % Poultry % Rabbits %

Share of organic livestock in total number of livestock (%), 2004 and 2007 Livestock categories Total CFShare OF in CFTotal CFShare OF in CF Horses ,82% ,19% Cattle ,38% ,82% Dairy cows ,67% ,03% Sheep ,30% ,02% Goats ,73% ,18% Pigs ,05% ,06% Poultry ,01% ,04%

Livestock categories in organic compared to total agricultural farming in LU, 2007

Comparison of livestock production in OF and CF Conversion to OF has in general lower impact on livestock production than to crop production. Production of milk as well as meat is again lower than in conventional farming, but mostly not due to different standards of breeding in OF but due to necessary lower livestock density (LU/ha), different feeds and type of animals  Milk production in OF reaches in average % BUT after conversion to hectare it is only 70-80% ( due to lower density),  Meat production is comparable BUT lower after conversion to hectare ( it depends a lot on density in OF and CF ).

Price premium for organic products Different distribution channels bring different price premium ( on farm x wholesaler ), Price within organic farms differs more than between organic and conventional farms ( wider range of distribution channels), Price premium is different also among particular products and countries ( depend on demand, price level of conventional product, etc.), In general, price premium is more available for crop products than for animal products, Premium in CZ: cereals - 10%, potatoes - 160%, milk - 20%, beef meat 15-30%, eggs - 100% (2005)

Data sources VUZE, Statistics evidence on organic farms in the Czech Republic in period EU Project EUCEEOFP - “Further Development of Organic Farming Policy in Europe with particular emphasis on EU Enlargement” Organic farming – textbooks VUZE, survey sampling about cost and revenue in OF ( )