1Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training AN APPROACH TO CLINICAL TRAINING

2Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training CHAPTER OBJECTIVE After completing this Chapter, the participant will be able to describe a mastery learning approach that:  Incorporates adult learning principles  Features of competency-based training  Integrates coaching and humanistic training techniques

3Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training ENABLING OBJECTIVES  Identify the goal of clinical training  Describe the mastery learning approach to training  Describe the key features of effective clinical training  Identify the responsibilities of clinical trainers and participants  Identify the criteria for selecting and training clinical trainers

4Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training Why Do People Participate in Training Courses? Are interested in the topic Wish to improve their knowledge or skills, and then their job performance Desire to be actively involved in course activities

5Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training

6 KEY TERMS  Clinical Training  Education  Mastery learning  Competency-Based Training (CBT)  Behavior modeling  Skill acquisition  Skill competency  Skill proficiency  Humanistic

7Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training

8 GOAL OF CLINICAL TRAINING To assist health professionals in learning to provide safe, high quality health care services to clients through improved performance.

9Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training CLINICAL TRAINING Training deals primarily with obtaining the knowledge, attitudes and skills needed to carry out a specific procedure or activity. Training presumes an immediate application of the information or physical skill(s) being learned. Effective clinical training emphasizes application of knowledge and attitudes in the performance of skills

10Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training Learning Recall Related to Type of Presentation TYPE OF PRESENTATIONPERCECNTAGE OF MATERIALS RECALLED After 3 HoursAfter 3 Days Verbal (one-way) lecture25%10-20% Written (reading)72%10% Visual and verbal (illustrated lecture) 80%65% Participatory (role plays, case studies, practice) 90%70%

11Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training WHAT I HEAR, I FORGET; WHAT I SEE, I REMEMBER; WHAT I DO, I UNDERSTAND To be effective, clinical trainers must use appropriate training strategies

12Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training Coaching An essential component of CBT is coaching. Coaching is a learning approach that involves the use of positive feedback, active listening, questioning and problem-solving skills to ensure a positive learning climate.

13Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training Coaching…Cont’d To use coaching, the clinical trainer should First explain the skill/activity Demonstrate and discuss Observe and interacts with the participant to provide guidance in learning the skill or activity, monitor progress and help participant overcome problems.

14Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training Coaching…Cont’d The coaching process ensures that the participant receives feedback regarding performance: Before practice During practice After practice An effective coach focuses on practical issues, encourages working together, works to reduce stress and a facilitator of learning.

15Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training ADULT LEARNING PRINCIPLES  Learning is most productive when participants are ready to learn. Although motivation is internal, it is up to the clinical trainer to create a climate that will nurture motivation in participants  Learning is more effective when it builds on what the participants already know or have experienced

16Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training ADULT LEARNING PRINCIPLES Cont--- Learning is:  More effective when participants are aware of what they need to learn  Made easier by using a variety of training methods and techniques

17Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training ADULT LEARNING PRINCIPLES Cont---  Opportunities for practicing skills initially in controlled or simulated situations (e.g., through role play or use of anatomic models) are essential for skill acquisition and for development of skill competency  Repetition is necessary for participants to become competent or proficient in a skill

18Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training ADULT LEARNING PRINCIPLES CONT---  The more realistic the learning situation, the more effective the learning  To be effective, feedback should be immediate, positive and nonjudgmental

19Clinical Training Skills - An Approach to Clinical Training CRITERIA FOR SELECTING TRAINERS  Demonstrated proficiency  Interest in training  Humility