USH2 Unit 5: America and the World Lesson 5.3 part 1 = America and the World

Focus  What do you already know about the causes of WW2?

EQ: What events led to WW2 in Europe?

Frayer Model: FASCISM

AMERICA AND THE WORLD  IN THE YEARS FOLLOWING WWI, AGRESSIONIST GOVERNMENTS TOOK POWER IN EUROPE AND ASIA. MEANWHILE, MOST AMERICANS DID NOT WANY TO GET INVOLVED IN ANOTHER FOREIGN WAR.

THE RISE OF DICTATORS  MANY COUNTRIES STRUGGLED ECONOMICALLY AFTER WWI.  THIS MADE ROOM FOR DICTATORS IN EUROPE, RUSSIA, AND JAPAN.

MUSSOLINI AND FASCISM IN EUROPE  MUSSOLINI FOUNDED ITALY’S FASCIST GOVERNMENT in 1919  FOCUSED ON PROBLEMS CREATED BY ECONOMIC DEPRESSION AND ANGER OVER TREATY OF VERSAILLES  PUMPED ITALIANS W/ NATIONALISTIC IDEAS GOING BACK TO THE ROMAN EMPIRE  FASCISM = AGGRESSIVE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT = STRONGLY ANTICOMMUNIST  THE KING OF ITALY EVENTURAL GIVES MUSSOLINI POWER AS “PREMIER” (seen as strong enough to prevent communist takover)= GAVE HIMSELF TITLE OF IL DUCE (THE LEADER)  USED “BLACK SHIRTS” TO KEEP PEOPLE IN LINE  MUSSOLINI’S SUCCESS IN ITALY WOULD GIVE HITLER A “BLUEPRINT” FOR GERMANY

AP: TPS  Why did Italians turn to Mussolini? How did Mussolini influence Hitler?

AP: summary  How did Hitler assume complete power in Germany?

HITLER AND NAZI GERMANY- Rise of the 3 rd Reich  Mein Kampf “My Struggle”  1) Undue the Treaty of Versailles  2) Undue Jewish assimilation = master Aryan Race  3) Create lebensruam, or “living Space” for the master race by invading Russia

HITLER AND NAZI GERMANY- Rise of the 3 rd Reich  HITLER ROSE TO POWER IN GERMANY AS THE LEADER OF THE NAZI PARTY  WAR HERO, MOTIVATED AND ORGANIZED, GOOD SPEAKER  STOKED GERMAN NATIONALISM AND PROMISED TO SOLVE GERMANY’S PROBLEMS  HE CLAIMED JEWS WERE TO BLAME FOR GERMANY’S DEFEAT IN WAR  WROTE MEIN KAMPF IN PRISON “My Struggle”  HITLER WOULD EXPLOIT PEOPLES FEARS OF COMMUNISM, AND WOULD USE FEAR TO KEEP PEOPLE IN LINE  BY 1932, THE NAZI PARTY DOMINATED THE REICHSTAG  IN 1933 HITLER NAMED CHANCELLOR, GIVING HIM POWER OVER ARMY. GAVE HIMSELF NEW TITLE =  DER FUHRER = THE LEADER  RISE OF THE THIRD REICH

STALIN TAKES OVER THE USSR  VLADIMIR LENIN LED THE COMMUNIST PARTY IN RUSSIA.  COMMUNISM = 1 PARTY SYSTEM THAT SUPPRESSED INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND PUNISHED OPPONENTS  WHEN JOSEPH STALIN CAME TO POWER, HE BEGAN A PROGRAM TO RAPIDLY INDUSTRIALIZE THE USSR  STALINS “5 YEAR PLANS” MAY HAVE SAVED THE USSR FROM DESTRUCTION DURING WWII, BUT……….. * TURNED FARMS INTO COLLECTIVES, AND KILLED 8-10 MILLION OF HIS OWN PEOPLE THAT HE FELT WOULD SLOW DOWN INDUSTRIALIZATION Cold war

AP: TPS  Why did Stalin try to rapidly industrialize the USSR?

Fascism vs. Communism

MILITARIST CONTROL JAPAN  JAPAN TURNED TO THE MILITARY TO SOLVE THEIR ECONOMIC PROBLEMS  JAPAN HAS NO NATURAL ALLIES, NO NATURAL RESOURCES, AND IS SUFFERING FROM THE GREAT DEPRESSION  ITS ARMY INVADED MANCHURIA, A RESOURCE RICH REGION IN CHINA, WITHOUT CONSENT FROM THE GOVERNMENT  OFFICERS ASSASSINATED JAPAN’S PRIME MINISTER AND ANY OPPONENT

AP  Why did Italy, Germany and Japan turn to dictators?

WHAT ABOUT THE UNITED STATES?  THE GREAT DEPRESSION CHALLENGED THE UNITED STATES AS WELL, BUT INSTEAD OF TURNING TO A DICTATOR (HUEY LONG), WE CHANGED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PEOPLE AND GOVERNMENT (NEW DEAL), THEREFOR WE MAINTAINED OUR DEMOCRACY.

Frayer: Internationalism

AMERICAN NEUTRALITY  AMERICAN ISOLATIONISM GREW AFTER WWI  GOT OUR OWN PROBLEMS….GREAT DEPRESSION  MEMORIES OF WW1  BOOKS AND ARTICLES CLAIMED ARMS MANUFACTURES TRICKED THE USA INTO GOING TO WAR  THE NYE COMMITTEE HELD HEARINGS THAT DOCUMENTED THE HUGE PROFITS MADE BY THESE BUSINESSES

LEGISLATING NEUTRALTY  CONGRESS PASSED 3 NEUTRALITY ACTS BETWEEN 1935 AND  THE NEUTRALITY ACT OF 1935 MADE IT ILLEGAL FOR THE USA TO SELL ARMS TO ANY NATION AT WAR  CONGRESS PASSED THE NEUTRALITY ACT OF 1937 IN RESPONSE TO ITALY, GERMANY, AND JAPAN = AXIS POWERS  ACT REQUIRED WARRING NATIONS TO BUY ALL NON=MILITARY SUPPLIES ON “CASH CARRY” BASIS

AP TPS  Why do most Americans not want to get involved in European affairs in the 1930’s?  How is “Cash and Carry” a good example of American isolationism and neutrality?

ROOSEVELT’S INTERNATIONALISM  FDR KNEW THAT ENDING THE DEPRESSION WAS THE NATION’S FIRST PRIORITY  FDR NOT AN ISOLATIONIST, BUT BELIEVED IN INTERNATIONALISM = TRADE BETWEEN NATIONS PREVENTS WAR  PLAN BACKFIRED WHEN JAPAN INVADED CHINA  HE WARNED THE NATION THAT IT WAS DANGEROUS TO STAND BY AND LET “AN EPIDEMIC OF LAWLESSNESS” INFECT THE WORLD

Primary Source Documents  Mein Kampf  Roosevelt and Isolationism Isolationism

Learning Log  Summarize what you have learned today about the “growing epidemic of lawlessness” going on in the world in the 1930’s.  Why did Germany, Italy, and Russia turn to dictators? Why did Japan turn to the military to solve their problems? How did the USA respond to these events?