Department of Humanities Contemporary history Teacher: G. Battelli Academic year
Why to study history? The role of memory To know the past for understanding the present
How to study history? The method The main goal of historical study is: to know and understand the Past, not to judge To gain this goal we surely need to know well its real development, but overall we need to focus problems, great phenomena, most prominent lines of continuity and phases of change
Historiographical traditions Ancient origins of the Past study Modern historiography, role of L. von Ranke and of the XIX century historiography The french historiographical revolution: from M. Bloch to F. Braudel Recent tendences
Global balances Eurocentric system The crisis of european domination Polycentrism between the two world wars Cold war An imperial decade? A new polycentric era
Europe and the other world areas during 19° century: the shape of a solar system I period
Europe on 1815 the «european concert»
Europe and the other world areas during 19° century: the shape of a solar system II period
Europe and the other world areas during 19° century: the shape of a solar system, III period
Europe’s geopolitical map before World War I
Europe’s geopolitical map after World War I
A multipolar system
World war II: prewar situation
Maximum extension of german/japanese controlled areas
The iron curtain
Cold war bipolar system
The postwar situation of occupied Germany
The Cold war situation in 1959
Non-aligned movement 19
Divided Korea After World War II, Japan’s former colony of Korea was divided into two occupation zones along the 38 th parallel with the Soviet zone in the north and the US zone in the south Before the occupation forces departed, an anticommunist regime was established in the south and a communist one in the north
The Berlin wall ( )
Cuban Missile Crisis Castro feared the US would try again to overthrow him and he called for additional support from the Soviet Union Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev responded by sending medium- range bombers and missiles to Cuba to help defend Castro and threaten the US In Oct 1962, US spy planes discovered missile sites under construction in Cuba
US Troop Levels in Vietnam , , , , , , , , , , , ,
The western “imperial” globalization?
The jugoslavian crisis
Military crisis in Middle-east at the end of XXth century
The XXIst century A new multipolar system
Daesh / IS / ISIS / ISIL
29
Middle East map
Organization of the Islamic Cooperation
G20 32
A political-institutional survey on models of governance and ideologies -The constitutional path (from English laboratory over XVII th century to XIX th - XX th century Constitutions) -The role of Montesquieu’s model and of the «Contrat social» by J.J. Rousseau -People’s sovereignty: between direct democracy and representative one -The role of political parties: Reform act (1832), mass parties, parties and State control -Institutions, State, ideologies: constitutional bourgeois State and Liberalism, the socialist reaction from Marx to Lenin, fascist State and nazi totalitarian system
Economic changes The origin of industrialization Second and third industrialization Industrialization and mass society Economic crisis: Great depression, 1929 crisis, 2008 crisis Present situation
Malthusian theory 35
World population growth ca.
% urban population
Images about the industrialization
Assembly line
From assembly line to lean manifacturing
Greatest economies of the world G8 / BRIC
The crash of Wall Street
GDP (1929=100) state United States Great Britain France Germany Austria Italy Soviet Union 183
Subprime loan