Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

Napoleonic Wars Q1806  Berlin Decrees [“Continental System”] Q1806  Britain issued the “Orders in Council.” Q1807  Milan Decrees Q  Britain impressed over 6,000 American sailors.

Chesapeake-Leopard “Affair” QJune 21, QBr. Captain fired on the USS Chesapeake. Q3 dead, 18 wounded. QBr. Foreign Office said it was a mistake. QJefferson’s Response:  Forbade Br. ships to dock in American ports.  Ordered state governors to call up as much as 100,000 militiamen.

The Embargo Act (1807) - The “OGRABME” Turtle

Presidential Election of 1808

James Madison Becomes President

President James Madison Democratic- Republican; VirginiaDemocratic- Republican; Virginia Universally regarded as brilliantUniversally regarded as brilliant Stubborn; weak speaker with few political skillsStubborn; weak speaker with few political skills Wife Dolley was a socialite and outstanding hostessWife Dolley was a socialite and outstanding hostess

Dolly Madison: The President’s Greatest Asset

Inheriting the Embargo Non-Intercourse Act of 1809Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 –Lifted Dambargo against all countries except GB & France Macon’s Bill No. 2Macon’s Bill No. 2 –US will trade w/ 1 st country to promise to stop raiding American ships Napoleon’s trapNapoleon’s trap –Napoleon promises to end raids Madison’s gambleMadison’s gamble –Accepts French promise; British angered even more Both measures ineffectiveBoth measures ineffective –France keeps raiding American ships –Embargo resumed against England alone

The Non-Intercourse Act (1809) QReplaced the Embargo Act. QRemained U. S. policy until QUnexpected Consequences:  N. Eng. was forced to become self- sufficient again [old factories reopened].  Laid the groundwork for US industrial power.  Jefferson, a critic of an industrial America, ironically contributed to Hamilton’s view of the US!!!

Br. Instigation of Indians British General Brock Meets with Tecumseh

QGeneral William Henry Harrison  governor of the Indiana Territory. QInvited Native Indian chiefs to Ft. Wayne, IN to sign away 3 mil. acres of land to the US government. QTecumseh organized a confederacy of Indian tribes to fight for their homelands. QTecumseh’s brother fought against Harrison and was defeated at Tippecanoe. QThis made Harrison a national hero! [1840 election  Tippecanoe & Tyler, too!] Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811

“War Hawks” Henry Clay [KY] John C. Calhoun [SC]

Presidential Election of 1812

On to Canada! Madison’s Decision War Hawks Southern Expansionists British arming Indians Impressment America’s image

“Mr. Madison’s War!”

American Problems QThe US was unprepared militarily:  Had a 12-ship navy vs. Britain’s 800 ships.  Americans disliked a draft  preferred to enlist in the disorganized state militias. QFinancially unprepared:  Flood of paper $.  Revenue from import tariffs declined. QRegional disagreements.

Overview of the War of 1812

3 U. S. Invasions of 1812

Campaigns of 1813

Battle of Fort McHenry, 1814 Oh Say Can You See By the Dawn’s Early Light… -- Francis Scott Key

Gave proof through the night, That our flag was still there..

Attack on Ft. Oswego, 1814

Hartford Convention December, 1814 – January, 1815

Treaty of Ghent December 24, 1814

The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

Jackson’s Florida Campaigns