August 2008 CLASSIFYING LIVING THINGS AGRISCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office July, 2002

August 2008 TAXONOMY Taxonomy is the classification of living things Names are in Latin Organism has a two-part scientific name

August 2008 STAGES IN THE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM KINGDOM PHYLUM OR DIVISION CLASS ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES

August 2008 WHY USE SCIENTIFIC NAMES? People in all parts of the world use the same name for an organism Relationships among organisms are evident in their names Differences between organisms are obvious from their names

August 2008 THE FIVE KINGDOMS MONERA : One celled organisms PROTISTA : One-celled or form collection of cells that may look like plants. FUNGI : Tiny yeasts to large mushrooms PLANTAE : Includes over 350,000 plants that provide food, fiber and shelter. ANIMALIA : Includes over million kinds of animals from spiders to chickens.

August 2008 FOUR PHYLA OF MONERANS Phylum : SCHIZOPHYTA - Bacteria Phylum : ARCHAEBACTERIA - Primitive organisms that live in harsh climates. Phylum : CYANOPHYTA - Blue-green bacteria that grows in ponds and streams Phylum : PROCHLOROPHYTA - Organisms that live in marine environments

August 2008 WAYS THAT BACTERIA ARE USED DECAY AGENT- Decaying plants/animals FOOD PRODUCTION- Cheese/yogurt MEDICINE PRODUCTION- Antibiotics FOOD SOURCE- Food for shrimp/oysters CLEAN WATER- Filters ammonia PROVIDE NUTRIENTS- Converts nitrogen from the air into a form plants use

August 2008 PHYLUMS OF PROTISTA Phylum : Sarcodina - Includes amebas Phylum : Ciliophora - Have cilia that help them move about; paramecium Phylum : Zoomastigina - Have long whip-like structure which they use to move about. Phylum : Sporozoa - Carried in the bodies of host animals. Coccidiosis in poultry is an example

August 2008 PHYLUM OF PROTISTA (CONT) Phylum : Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, Rhodophyta, Chrysophyta and Pyrrophyta - These are the five phylum's of algae.

August 2008 WAYS PROTISTS EFFECT LIFE ON EARTH CAUSE DISEASE USE IN POLISH OR GRIND STONES FOOD ADD OXYGEN TO WATER

August 2008 FOUR PHYLA OF FUNGI Zygomycota : Black bread mold Ascomycota : Includes yeasts, truffles and pennicillium (used to make penicillin) Basidiomycota : Includes mushrooms Deuteromycota : Imperfect fungi which cause ring-worm

August 2008 WAYS FUNGI AFFECTS LIVING THINGS Cause food spoilage Make food products better Provides a food source Provide medicine Cause plant disease Damage property Cause disease

August 2008 EIGHT PHYLA OF THE PLANTAE KINGDOM Phylum : Bryophyta - Mosses and liverworts Phylum : Lycophyta - Club mosses Phylum : Spenophyta - Horsetails Phylum : Pterophyta - Ferns Phylum : Coniferophyta - Trees or shrubs that bear cones (evergreens)

August 2008 PLANTAE KINGDOM CONT. Phylum : Cycadophyta - Palm-like plants that grow in tropical areas. Phylum : Ginkgophyta - Ginko plants Phylum : Anthophyta - Includes all of the flowering plants: dicots - fruits, flowers, trees and vegetables monocots - onions, corn, wheat, oats, and sorghum

August 2008 WAYS PLANTS ARE USED FOOD CLOTHING SHELTER PAPER

August PHYLA OF THE ANIMALIA KINGDOM Phylum : Porifera - Sponges that grow in the sea. Phylum : Cnidarea - Jellyfish, coral and other sea animals. Phylum : Plathelminthes - Flatworms Phylum : Nematoda - Roundworms Phylum : Rotifera - Tiny round or worm-like animals

August 2008 ANIMALIA KINGDOM CONT. Phylum : Bryozoa - Animals that resemble moss but aren’t plants. Phylum : Brachiopoda - Lampshells Phylum : Phoronida - Tube worms Phylum : Annelida - These are the segmented worms; such as earthworms and leeches.

August 2008 ANIMALIA KINGDOM CONT. Phylum: Mollusca - Soft-bodied animals without segments. Examples are oyster, clam, slugs and squid. Phylum: Arthropoda - Bodies divided into segments and hard outer body covers. Examples include lobsters, shrimp, crawfish, insects, mites and ticks. Phylum: Echinodermata- Starfish,etc.

August 2008 LAST OF ANIMALIA KINGDOM Phylum: Hemichordata - Acorn worms. Phylum: Chordata - Vertebrates animals with internal skeletons and backbones. Examples include horses, pigs, cattle, sheep, birds and most fish.

August 2008 WAYS ANIMALS ARE USED Food Clothing Medicine Power