SPECIATION Ch. 16-3 pp. 326-330 Warm up 3/2: Define: Homologous Structures, Analogous Structures and Vestigial Organs/Structures. Give 1 example of each.

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SPECIATION Ch pp Warm up 3/2: Define: Homologous Structures, Analogous Structures and Vestigial Organs/Structures. Give 1 example of each What would cause homologous structures? and what vestigial structures?

Forming a new species  Speciation: forming a new species  Species: a group of organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring 1. same number of chromosomes 2. similar morphology (body structure)

2 Definitions of Species  Morphological Species – Defined using similar characteristics.  Asexual organisms  Extinct organisms  Biological Species – A species can reproduce and have fertile offspring.  A group of organism that can successfully interbreed.  Cannot breed fertile offspring with other species.

Disruptive Selection Divergent evolution that most likely results in two new species

Mechanisms for speciation  Allopatric speciation caused by geographic isolation  Requires physical separation of organisms

Mechanisms Cont.  Sympatric Speciation due to reproductive isolation (barriers to successful breeding)  Live in the same area  Barriers to successful breeding Liger – Tiger and Lion produce an infertile offspring

Sympatric Speciation Cont.  Two types of Sympatric Speciation Barriers  Prezygotic: before fertilization (i.e breeding times or home range)  Postzygotic: after fertilization- infertile offspring (chromosome # doesn’t add up) Liger – Tiger and Lion produce an infertile offspring

Homework  Speciation activity: Due Monday

Homework: Tri-fold Vocab Due Tuesday 2/26 Genetic Drift Biological Species Concept Allopatric Speciation Sympatric Speciation Prezygotic Isolation Postzygotic Isolation Gradualism Punctuated Equilibrium Speciation Homework: Due Wednesday 2/27 Read p Do p 330 # 1-7 Study Guide & Raft Due Thursday Exam Friday: Intervention this week.

Warm up 3/3 Match and explain why Red Butterflies killed in tornado. A. Gene Flow B. Genetic Drift C. Natural Selection D. Sexual Selection E. Allopatric Speciation F. Sympatric Speciation

Warm up 3/3 Match and explain why. 1. Gene Flow 2. Genetic Drift 3. Natural Selection 4. Sexual Selection 5. Allopatric Speciation 6. Sympatric Speciation A C B F E D

Rates of Speciation  Gradualism: slow divergence  Punctuated equilibrium: sudden shift in form (irregular)