SOL Review: Global Trade after 1500 A.D.

The Ottomans Capital – Istanbul Religion – Islam unified the empire; tolerated Christians and Jews Traded ceramics and coffee

India - Mughal Empire Descendants of the Mongols, the Muslim Mughal (Mogul) rulers established an empire in northern India. Much of southern India remained independent and continued international trade

Mughal Contributions Spread of Islam into India Art and architecture—Taj Mahal Arrival of European trading outposts Influence of Indian textiles on British textile industry The Mughals were Muslim - the Taj Mahal was built like a mosque Europeans established trade forts

Mughals trade with Europe Portugal, England, & the Netherlands competed for the Indian Ocean trade by establishing Coastal ports on the Indian subcontinent. Southern India traded silks, spices, and gems Cotton was exported to England Spices still were in high demand

China Creation of foreign enclaves to control trade Imperial policy of controlling foreign influences and trade Increase in European demand for Chinese goods (tea, porcelain) The Ming Emperors were cautious with European trade

Japan Characterized by powerless emperor controlled by military leader (shogun) Adopted policy of isolation to limit foreign influences The Shogun ruled feudal Japan; was an isolationist

African Trade The exportation of slaves and demand for imported goods began to alter traditional economic patterns in Africa. African exports – Slaves (triangular trade) – Raw materials African imports – Manufactured goods from Europe, Asia, and the Americas – New food products (corn, peanuts)

European Growth European maritime nations competed for overseas markets, colonies, and resources, creating new economic practices. Mercantilism: An economic practice based on the theory that colonies existed for the benefit of the mother country

Commercial Revolution European maritime nations competed for overseas markets, colonies, and resources. A new economic system emerged. – New money and banking systems created – Mercantilism – Colonial economies limited by the economic needs of the mother country Banking and insurance expanded