Jacobus Kapteyn (1851-1922). Until the Second World War Astronomy was an Optical Science: all observations were made with instruments working in the visible.

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Presentation transcript:

Jacobus Kapteyn ( )

Until the Second World War Astronomy was an Optical Science: all observations were made with instruments working in the visible (with usually the eye as a detector). As a result of modern technology, this has changed enormously.

Gamma-Ray (CGRO) X-Ray (HEAO-1) Infrared (IRAS) Radio (various places) Visual (Lund)

X-rayUVVisual IR (IRAS) Radio (VLA)

X-rayVisible IR (ISO) Radio

Very few people in our field can still afford to work without the Internet. Astronomers are using it all the time for the following things: 1 Communication ( ) 2 To obtain all kinds of Software 3 To retrieve observational data from telescope archives (satellites and ground-based) 4 Teaching 5 Publish their preprints and papers 6 Read and obtain journals in astronomy 7 Run CPU-intensive work at computers elsewhere 8 Hear the most recent results 9 To obtain their observations from satellites and remote observing (service). 10 Etc.

Available at present:  Satellites (HST, Chandra, IUE, IRAS, etc.)  Ground-based telescopes - Survey Telescopes (2MASS, POSS, etc.) - General Observer Telescopes (ESO, La Palma, UKIRT, CFHT, JCMT, VLA)  Object-oriented - Galaxies: NASA Extragalactic Database (NED); LEDA - Nearby Galaxies: Hypercat (specialised) - Stars: SIMBAD

 Most Popular Journals (including back-issues until 19 th century): NASA ADS  Electronic preprint server (ArXiv.org)  Hubble Space Telescope publish relations service

Very often used:  Data Reduction and Analysis: AIPS, ESO-MIDAS, IDL, IRAF, PROS, STARLINK, STSDAS  Document Preparation: LaTeX, TeX  Modelling: NEMO, CLOUDY, DUSTY, TINYTIM  Subroutine Libraries: FITSIO, NAG, Numerical Recipes  Math Routines: Maple, StatCodes  Utilities:...

References: The electromagnetic spectrum: (at IPAC) Data Archives: Satellites: reachable through STScI ( ) ESO: La Palma: UKIRT: CFHT: at CADC ( together with a lot of Other archives VLA: Etc. Object oriented: Simbad (stars): LEDA (nearby galaxies): Hypercat (nearby galaxies):

References: Journals in Astronomy: all on NASA ADS ( ) This site has several mirrors across the world. Preprints: also with several mirrors Public Outreach: (very nice!) Software in Astronomy: a large amount of software can be found at the Linuxastro site: