Child Development Unit 6 Children From 4-6 Years

6.1—20 Terms Moral Development Intelligence Quotient (IQ) Make-Believe Play Regression Behavior Conscience Finger Plays Learning Disability Ambidextrous Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Group Identification Multiple Intelligences Phoneme Dexterity Gifted Child Dyslexia Gender Identity Sibling Permanent Teeth Peers Dramatic Play

1. Learning disability in which a person is not able to control his or her activity concentration for a normal length of time--

1. Attention Deficit hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

2. Ability to use both hands with equal skill--

2. Ambidextrous

3. An inner sense of what is right--

3. Conscience

4. Skillful use of hands & fingers--

4. Dexterity

5. Play in which children imitate real life situations--

5. Dramatic Play

6. Learning disability in which a person is unable to understand printed symbols in a normal way--

6. Dyslexia

7. Songs or chants with accompanying hand motions--

7. Finger Plays

8. Recognizing being a boy or girl--

8. Gender identity

9. Child with unusual intelligence, special artistic talents, & or the ability to understand relationships & abstract ideas-

9. Gifted Child— Have special needs that must be met They need recognition & acceptance They need challenging activities to be successful Give encouragement to explore their gift Become easily bored Like to argue Highly curious Large vocabulary

10. Feeling of belonging to a certain group of people--

10. Group Identification

11. Number obtained by comparing a person’s Intelligence to the scores of others--

11. Intelligence Quotient (IQ) No one test gives an accurate measure of a child’s mental ability—these tests only measure one kind of mental ability, ignoring other kinds—many factors can influence test—child’s physical or emotional state when taking test can affect score

12. Problem in a person’s mental process that prevents learning in a normal way--

12. Learning Disability

13. Pretending to be something or someone you are not--

13. Make-Believe Play

14. Developmental process that refers to the ability to know right from wrong--

14. Moral Development

15. Many different ways of using the mind & body to experience the world--

15. Multiple Intelligences

16. Other people in a person’s age group--

16. Peers

17. Secondary teeth that replace primary or deciduous teeth--

17. Permanent Teeth

18. Individual sounds in words--

18. Phoneme

19. Reverting to earlier behaviors--

19. Regression Behavior

20. A brother or sister--

20. Siblings

6.2-- Designate characteristics of physical development for ages 4-6 (include height & weight, proportion, teeth & motor skills)— Height—gain 3 inches Weight—gain 5 pounds Proportion—Body becomes straighter & slimmer—abdomen flattens—erect shoulders widen—broad, flat chest—longer neck—legs lengthen

Categorize the characteristics of physical development for ages 4-6 – Begin to loose primary teeth Permanent teeth (32) will replace primary teeth

6.3-- State ways to promote physical development for ages 4-6 (including effects of poor food habits & teaching nutrition)— Teach good nutrition Make nutritious foods available Set a good example Eat whole grains, fruits & vegetables Involve children in food preparation

Identify ways to encourage good nutrition in children from 4-6 years— Involve children in food preparation Resist sugar, fat & salt

6.4-- Explain ways to help preschoolers develop positive self-care habits— Regular tooth brushing & flossing Sealants—Plastic coatings that prevent plaque from developing Fluoride—Chemical that strengthens outer coating of teeth

Develop a list of basic rules of cleanliness for ages 4-6 – Children can learn to clean themselves, dress themselves & begin to care for their clothes Set up routines & schedules—Children learn what is expected of them

6.5-- Designate characteristics of intellectual development for ages 4-6 – Begin formal schooling Exposed to new people, things, ideas Become excited about learning Explanations & suggestions are helpful Are interested in their bodies & where babies come from

Intellectual Development Help around the house Interested in books & stories Art helps express feelings Avoid criticizing child’s work, art, play— creativity is important to the mental process Learn to read & count

6.5.1 Discover techniques to encourage children’s interests in reading, art, math & science— Toys, books, play materials Art supplies—paints, crayons, washable markers, chalk, pencils, stickers Make-Believe props Adult clothes, shoes, hats, make up, gloves, accessories, mirrors, household items

6.6-- State ways to stimulate intellectual development for ages 4-6 (include multiple intelligences, toys, books, play materials--

Multiple Intelligences *Many different ways of using the mind & body to experience the world: 1—Verbal-Linguistic—Linked to language— learn best through words—games, puzzles, reading, writing, jokes, tongue twisters, memorizing 2—Logical—Mathematical—Strong in math & science—use patterns to connect facts & observations—act, number games, chess, checkers, maps, diagrams, test of logic, experiments

M-Intelligence 3—Visual—Spatial—Drawing & construction—learn best through pictures & colors—drawings, clay, construction toys, jigsaw puzzles 4—Musical-Rhythm—Sounds, rhythms & melodies promote learning—toy instruments, objects to bang—music lessons

M--Intelligence 5—Bodily-Kinesthetic—Skill in moving the body through space—physical activities— sports—playground equipment—dancing 6—Interpersonal—Social—Good at communicating with others—joining clubs—recreation with others

M--Intelligence 7—Intrapersonal—Private & less social— prefers to play alone—keep thoughts to self—writing journals 8—Naturalistic—Natural world—enjoys being outside around plants & animals— gardening, walking, bird watching

Analyze toys, books & play materials for preschoolers— A. Books-Colorful, finished in one sitting, holds child’s interest B. Household items-what children know best at this age C. Art & Music—Experiment with art materials & dance

Plan play activities for preschoolers— *Assignment