Chapter 22: Section 1 Moving Toward Conflict Vietnam in WWII French Indochina War U.S. aide to France Under French Rule Ho Chi Minh Indochinese Communist Party Vietminh – During WWII September 2, 1945 – Independence

French Troops move in U.S. Aid to France Domino Theory – French Fail to retake Vietnam Geneva Accords Separation of N and S

Ngo Dinh Diem South Vietnam’s president U.S. supports canceling elections Problems with Diem Vietcong Ho Chi Minh Trail Kennedy and Vietnam Increased aid and personnel Diem v. Buddhists U.S. supported Coup

Growing Vietcong Influence USS Maddox Reports of attacks Tonkin Gulf Resolution Purpose of USS Maddox revealed Operation Rolling Thunder Vietnam War

Chapter 22 Section 2 Johnson Increases U.S Involvement Strong Support for Containment Robert McNamara and Dean Rusk President faces criticism Escalation The Troop Buildup Accelerates 180K in 1965, 500K in 1967 General Westmoreland

Fighting in the Jungle An Elusive Enemy Hit and Run, ambush attacks Physical conditions and traps Frustrating War of Attrition Underestimating the opponent – Westmorland’s aim Vietcong continue The Battle for “Hearts and Minds” Napalm Agent Orange Search-and-destroy missions Effects on Civilians Sinking Morale Soldiers Fulfilling a Duty

The Early War at Home The Great Society Suffers Economy suffers, inflation rises The Living-Room War Media and television Body counts Credibility Gap Protesting the war

The Roots of Opposition -The New Lift Students for Democratic Society French Speech Movement -Campus Activism

The Protest Movement Emerges The Movement Grows From Protest to Resistance War Divides the Nation -Doves -Hawks Johnson remains determined

Chapter 22 Section 4 The Tet Offensive Turns the War -Surprise Attack -Tet Offensive Tet Changes Public Opinion -Clark Clifford