U.S. History Review American Revolution, Declaration of Independence, and Constitution

Revolutionary America 13 colonies

French and Indian War debt ◦British (King George III) imposed taxes – Tea Act, Stamp Act, Intolerable Acts in order to pay for the war Colonists were not happy with the taxes and began a movement toward independence. ◦Colonists organized their own army. ◦Boston Tea Party ◦American Revolution began with Lexington and Concord in 1775 and ended with Yorktown in ◦Compare/Contrast U.S. vs G.B. militaries. In 1776, Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence. ◦(Review the first 3 paragraphs of the Declaration page 16 in textbook.)

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Creating an Independent U.S. Significance of the Declaration of Independence Other reasons for being independent ◦Reasons for migration Articles of Confederation ◦Weak central government. ◦States rights were of more importance. Federal Government ◦Federalists vs. Antifederalists ◦Checks and Balances

Creating The Constitution Virginia Plan vs. New Jersey Plan ◦Connecticut Compromise ◦Other arguments over the issues of slavery, representation, taxation, Religion (God)and separation of power among the branches of gov. were issues discussed among framers. ◦Federal government is established. Page 39: E Pluribus Unum “Out of Many, One.”

The Constitution Constitution (1781) explains how the new U.S. is going to be governed and is still in effect today. Page 43 – Preamble, Articles, Amendments ◦Father of the Constitution, James Madison How a bill becomes a law Changes to the Constitution Bill of Rights ◦First 10 Amendments

Amendments How many Amendments to the U.S. Constitution are there? How many Amendments of the U.S. Constitution can you name? 1 st ? 2 nd ? 5 th ? 14 th ? 19 th ? 20 th ?

Post Revolutionary America Growing pains of a new Nation during the Jeffersonian Era (what is an era?) ◦12 th Amendment ◦Judicial Review (Marbury vs. Madison) Louisiana Purchase from France, doubled the size of the U.S. Lewis and Clark, Sacajawea War of 1812, second Revolutionary war. ◦Impressment, British support of Native Americans. Monroe Doctrine ◦Britain stay out of North America

Nationalism & Sectionalism Early Industry in the U.S. ◦The Cotton Gin, 1794, Eli Witney ◦New manufacturing methods, thriving economy, less farming and more factory work. Economic Independence from Britain ◦Tariffs on imports Missouri Compromise ◦Slave state or free state? Dred Scott ◦Missouri – slave, Maine – free ◦LA Purchase, split

Trail of Tears Indian removal Act ◦Trail of tears, force Indians to move west, OK.

Manifest Destiny

Texas Independence from Mexico ◦Alamo, 1836 California becomes a state ◦Gold Rush, 1849 ◦ Go West! Market economy, entrepreneurs increased as well as business and trade. Workers sought better conditions and unions began. Women’s rights, slave rights became important issues as the country grew.

Slavery and the Civil War The Civil War, ; slave trade, cotton industry; VIDEO TEXTBOOK The North and the South ◦Protest, violence ◦Harriet Tubman, Underground Railroad to help slaves.(See map on page 159) Conflicts leading to Secession ◦Dred Scott Case ◦Election of Abraham Lincoln South Carolina Secession North, General Ulysses Grant; President Abraham Lincoln South, General Robert E. Lee; President Jefferson Davis Emancipation Proclamation, Free Slaves, 1863 Clara Barton, dedicated Union nurse, started the American Red Cross

North, General Ulysses Grant; President Abraham Lincoln South, General Robert E. Lee; President Jefferson Davis Emancipation Proclamation, Free Slaves, 1863 Clara Barton, dedicated Union nurse, started the American Red Cross

Reconstruction The Gettysburg Address, Lincoln page , Surrender at Appomattox Court house. Lincoln’s Assassination, 5 days later. Andrew Johnson became president. Reconstruction Amendments ◦13 th – Free the Slaves ◦14 th – Make them Citizens ◦15 th – Allow them to vote

KKK and race riots made unifying the North and South difficult. Sharecroppers, Scalawags, and carpetbaggers Economic depression from war debt and reconstruction efforts. With the election of Rutherford B. Hayes in1877, Reconstruction ended.

STAAR is what the STAAR exam will cover. From the end of Reconstruction to Obama’s election is a lot of material to cover in such a short amount of time. Remember, you must pass this exam if you want a diploma!!