WWII- Domestic Affairs CREATED BY: JOSHUA BARNETT AND ABBY KERSH

Economic Resources  During the war, business changed products from household items to a more militaristic approach. Ex: metal to ammunition  To help finance the war the government issued war bonds and an increase in income tax. Civilians were able to purchase these war bonds. Even the lower class was able to buy 25 cent stamps to redeem for then bond when the amount was saved.  Citizens contributed to the war efforts by rationing goods such as clothes, shoes & other leather goods, metals.

Human Resources  While the men were at war, women and children back home volunteered for the workforce to pick up the lack of production.  American volunteers formed multiple war relief organizations  The government used the War icon “Uncle Sam” to help promote the draft and increase the number of volunteers.

American Women’s Volunteer Service  Created by wealthy women in 1940  Over 350,000 members  Served as air raid wardens, aided in sell of war bonds, and served food to do the needy

Role of Women  Increase in women in the factories.  Some women took up noncombat military roles such as nurses so more men were able to fight.  The United States was the first to employ their women on the work force and in the military.  A quarter of American women used their time for volunteering

Rosie the Riveter  Created to encourage women to take action in factories.  Encouraged Women to work in areas previously closed to them.  Stressed the “patriotic” need for women to start working  Propaganda

Role of African Americans  Despite the fact of a continuing lack of equality for African Americans during this period, they still supported and helped their country be successful in the war  Many Blacks went to go look for jobs on war plants  Also they were used for noncombat purposes (even though many demanded to fight in combat)  The Tuskegee Airmen were an all African American platoon that fought for the US

 Alpha Kappa Alpha (AKA) was an African American sorority that combined war service with racial equality  Eleanor Roosevelt pushed the Red Cross Association to meet with AKA to employ African Americans to run facilities for soldiers and to employ African American nurses

The Tuskegee Airmen  First African American aviation platoon created from volunteers  Trained to be just pilots a first, later trained to be navigators and bombardiers as well  Had the lowest recorded loses compared to any other escort fighter groups  President Truman enacted Order No. 9981, which directed the equality of treatment and opportunity which eventually led to the end of racial segregation

 Had the lowest recorded loses compared to any other escort fighter groups  President Truman enacted Order No. 9981, which directed the equality of treatment and opportunity which eventually led to the end of racial segregation

Pearl Harbor  Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii  December 7 th, 1941  Destroyed nearly 20 American naval vessels, including 8 enormous battleships, and more than 300 airplanes.

 The next day, Dec 8th, President Franklin Roosevelt declared war on Japan.  Shortly after, Germany and Italy declared war on the US and Congress retaliated, declaring war on them as well.

Effects of Pearl Harbor  US officially joined WWII 2 years into fighting  Change in the treatment of Japanese Americans, especially on the West Coast  Some believed the Japanese Americans were aiding the enemy  The creation of Internment camps

Japanese Internment Camps  President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066 on Feb 19 th, 1942  Executive Order 9066 ordered all Japanese Americans to be relocated to internment camps  After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, many started rumors that the Japanese Americans planned to sabotage the war efforts

 Some Japanese Americans were allowed to return to the West Coast starting in 1945  The last internment camp was closed in March 1946  In 1988, Congress awarded financial payments to each survivor of the camps along with a public apology

Nisei Regiments  442 nd Regimental Combat team  Mainly Japanese American soldiers  Colonel Pettigrew assembled the regiments after defending the Japanese Americans stating they were loyal  Composed of male Japanese American volunteers from the internment camps  The most decorated US Military Unit in history

WWII Propaganda  During the war the government had a very specific approach to the media.  They even created the Office of War Information (OWI) in It was to created to craft the governments message into propaganda  The propaganda campaign included specific goals and strategies, and many artists, filmmakers, and intellectuals were used to complete this task.

 During WWII the main objectives of the U.S. government for the propaganda campaign were recruitment, financing the war effort, resource conservation, and factory production of war materials.  Also the government wanted to boost the patriotic spirit and bash the enemy

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