AMADEUS: Status Report C. Curceanu for the AMADEUS collaboration 21 May 2008, LNF-INFN 36 th LNF Scientific Committee

Antikaonic Matter At DA  NE: an Experiment Unraveling Spectroscopy AMADEUS

AMADEUS – is going on “mass-shell” Highlights on: - Strategy - Activities - AMADEUS collaboration - AMADEUS – KLOE - AMADEUS requests

AMADEUS global strategy: AMADEUS phase-1: start in 2010 (after KLOE2 step0), study di- and tri – baryon kaonic nuclei and low-energy kaon- nucleon/nuclei interactions AMADEUS phase-2 : after 2010 (2012?), higher integrated luminosity, refined study of di- tri-baryon kaonic nuclei; extend to other nuclei (spectroscopy of kaonic nuclei along the periodic table…)

The scientific case of the so-called “deeply bound kaonic nuclear states” is hotter than ever, both in the theoretical (intensive debate) and experimental sectors. What emerges is the strong need for a complete experimental study of the scientific case, i.e. a clear and clean experiment (so without the need to make hypothesis on involved physics processes), measuring kaonic clusters both in formation and in the decay processes. AMADEUS’s main aim is to perform the first full acceptance, high precision measurement of DBKNS both in formation and in the decay processes, by implementing the KLOE detector with an inner AMADEUS-dedicated setup, containing a cryogenic target and a trigger system (and an inner tracker in a second phase), Either situations: EXISTENCE or NON- EXISTENCE of the deeply bound kaonic nuclear clusters will have strong impact in kaon-nucleon/nuclei physics!!!

Experimental programme AMADEUS phase-1 (1) study of the (most) fundamental antikaon deeply bound nuclear systems, the kaonic dibaryon states: ppK - and (pnK - ) produced in a 3 He gas target, in formation and decay processes as next step, the kaonic 3-baryon states: ppnK - and pnnK - produced in a 4 He gas target, in formation and decay processes

Experimental programme AMADEUS phase-1 (2) Low-energy charged kaon cross sections on Helium(3 and 4), for K- momentum lower than 100 MeV/c (missing today); The K- nuclear interactions in Helium reactions (poorly known – based on one paper from 1970 …) Properties of  (1116) and charged  – for example decays in channels with neutrino -> astrophysics implications (cooling of compact stars) Resonance states as the elusive-in-nature but so important  (1405) or the  (1385) could be better understood with high statistics; their behaviour in the nuclear medium can be studied too. Excellent feasibility test – Oton Vazquez Doce (KLOE data)

KLOE, phase-1

Low-mass cryogenic gas target cell: T = 10 K P = 1.0 bar R in = 5 cm R out = 15 cm L = 20 cm Kaon trigger: two layers of scint. fibers, stereo angel = 30° readout on both sides with SiPM KLOE, phase-1

Technical items needing special attention (35 th LNF Scientific Committee) - The beam pipe: we plan to develop (with KLOE and D AF NE) a technical solution which should be easy to extract/implement. - Cryogenic target: dedicated studies not only for the target itself, but for its mechanical supports and cooling power needed and how to bring the cryogeny inside. - Trigger system: a technical solution for the trigger system, including the optimization of geometry and cabling. - Slow controls: we study the slow control system (to be complemented to the KLOE one) for the specific AMADEUS items. - DAQ: software and hardware. We are aware and started already to collaborate with KLOE on the item of DAQ needs, from software and hardware points of view. We will rely on KLOE solution for the software, eventually developing dedicated on-line and (mostly) off-line analyses and Monte Carlo simulations, the hardware should be care of AMADEUS, with expertize from KLOE.

Possible solution for beam-pipe (thanks to Giancarlo Sensolini and Sandro Tomassini)

Cryogenic target Low-mass cryogenic gas target cell: T = 10 K P = 1.0 bar R in = 5 cm R out = 15 cm L = 20 cm => Prototype to be built and tested at SMI Vienna in 2009

SIDDHARTA Cryogenic target cell Alu-grid Side wall: Kapton 50 µm Kaon entrance Window: Kapton 50 µm Working T 22 K Working P 2.0 bar

Trigger System (Scintillating fibers read with SiPM) Hamamatsu and Photonique Prototypes at LNF SMI and Russian SiPM at ITEP

SiPM tested at BTF in January 2008

Trigger System – LNF undergoing work (Scintillating fibers read with SiPM)

Trigger System – LNF undergoing work

Trigger System – LNF undergoing work (Scintillating fibers read with SiPM) Oton Vazquez Doce Antonio Romero Alessandro Scordo Giovanni Corradi Massimiliano Bazzi Diego Tagnani Cesidio Capoccia

Trigger System – LNF undergoing work (Scintillating fibers read with SiPM)

Work going on at LNF: - Stabilized Power Supply realization - Preamplifier design - Test setup design and realization (mechanics, cooling, electronics…)

Test setup for SiPM (Cesidio Capoccia)

Test setup for SiPM

Slow Controls and DAQ - Alessandro D’Uffizi – LNF-INFN fellowship: works with KLOE team (100%) for both: -> Slow Controls code (autorun…) -> DAQ will coordinate the AMADEUS specific integration AMADEUS in phase of definition of trigger to be used (giving the volume of disk space etc.)

Other activities going on: - inner tracker: cylindrical GEM and TPG (SMI Vienna and TU-Munchen, in collaboration with FOPI), first prototype in specific trigger implementation - MCarlo simulations We are participating in FP7 HadronPhysics in JRAs for SiPM and GEM detectors.

AMADEUS collaboration: 119 scientists from 13 Countries and 34 Institutes

AMADEUS collaboration LNF: beam-pipe definition; Slow Controls and DAQ; trigger; SiPM electronics; inner tracker (GEM); mechanics SMI-Vienna: target system; SiPM; inner tracker (TPG, GEM); MCarlo simulations ITEP Moscow: SiPM tests Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow: electronics for inner tracker JINR: trigger definition, data analyses algorithm TU Munich: inner tracker (TPG) system Inst. Physics Cracow: trigger and DAQ IFIN-HH Bucharest: Slow Control System (target) and SiPM electronics Ist. Superiore Sanita’ Roma: SiPM development Isfahan Univ., Iran: MCarlo simulations Poli Milano, Italy: front-end electronics (SiPM, inner tracker) TRIUMF Canada: target system GSI: SiPM system RIKEN, Japan: target definition

AMADEUS - KLOE Collaboration already started: analyses of the KLOE data (Oton Vazquez Doce); SLOW Controls and DAQ (Alessandro d’Uffizi); KLOE2 electronics (Diego Tagnani and Massimiliano Bazzi); KLONE; it can and should be reinforced MoU is being prepared “Memorandum of Understanding for collaboration in the maintenance and upgrade of the KLOE detector” between The KLOE Collaboration and The AMADEUS Collaboration

The luminosity request for AMADEUS Phase-1 is: 2 fb -1 of integrated luminosity with He 4 target in order to study the tribaryon DBKNS 1-2 fb -1 of integrated luminosity with He 3 target in order to study the dibaryon DBKNS 0.5 fb -1 of integrated luminosity for low-energy kaon-nuclear dedicated measurements for an overall integrated luminosity of fb -1 With the luminosity upgrade of D AF NE, the machine could deliver at least 500 pb -1 /month, which means that the overall AMADEUS Phase-1 program could be completed in about 10 months (considering installation).

Preparation, implementation plan and roll-in proposal and 2009: take part to KLOE maintenance, roll-in and data taking (training) AMADEUS construction and assembly: the AMADEUS inner setup - the specific one - will be built, assembled and tested in 2009 so as to be ready for: roll-in of AMADEUS: roll-in in 2010, compatible with KLOE end of step 0. AMADEUS DAQ: for an integrated luminosity of about 4 fb -1 in In parallel – AMADEUS phase2

AMADEUS Phase-2 (after 2010) Improve and complement the setup with different possible technical solutions, in order either to reduce the background and/or to perform more refined (better reso-lution) dedicated measurements; eventually to install an inner tracker inside the DC of KLOE: we are considering two possible solutions, either cylindrical GEM detectors or a TPC-GEM combination (in collaboration with KLOE); increase the statistics for di- tri-baryon DBKNS following the suggestions which will come out from Phase-1 of the experiment; study DBKNS produced in heavier targets as: Li, B, Be, C … complete the physics program by: binding energies, decay widths and – determination of quantum numbers of all states, including excited ones, measurement of the spin- orbit interaction, determination of partial widths of kaonic nuclear states by observation of all decay channels, Dalitz plots Continue studies of kaon-nucleon/nuclei interaction Integrated luminosity request of about fb -1

AMADEUS phase-2 Tracking device: TPC-GEM or 3-4 C-GEMs Target system: cylindrical cryogenic cell in vacuum chamber Kaon trigger: Scint. fibers with SiPMs

Conclusions DAFNE is actually the only place in the world where measurements of DBKNS using stopped K - method, complemented with low-energy kaonic nuclei physics, could be performed in a complete and unambigous way, and this will, hopefully, be done by AMADEUS