PROJECT PRESENTATION ON ELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM SPEED BREAKER

Generation of electricity by speed breaker Submitted to:- presented by:- dr. h c sharma ashutosh kr. (0909621022) ANKIT SINGH (0909621001) guided by:- md. RASHID (0909621045) sunil kr. SINGH AHMAD FAWAD (0909621006)

Introduction A large amount of energy is wasted at the speed breakers through the dissipation of heat and also through friction. When vehicle passes over speed breaker. There is great possibility of tapping this energy and generating power. We can do it by making the speed-breaker as a power generation unit. The generated power can be used for the power the street lamps, near the speed breakers

ENERGY WASTED ON SPEED BREAKER Let us consider, The mass of a vehicle moving over the speed breaker. =250Kg(approx.) Height of speed breaker =10 cm Work done =Force x Distance Here, Force=Weight of the Body =250 Kg x 9.81=2452.5N Distance travelled by the body = Height of the speed breaker=10 cm Wasted power=Work done/Sec = (2452.5 x 0.10)/60=4.0875 Watts (in one pushing force).

UTILISATION OF THIS WASTED ENERGY Wasted power=Work done/Sec= (2452.5 x 0.10)/60 =4.0875 Watts (For One pushing force) Power developed for 1 vehicle passing over the speed breaker arrangement for one minute= 4.0875 watts Power developed for 60 minutes (1 hr)=245.25watts. Power developed for 24 hours = 5.866 Kw This power is sufficient to burn four street lights in the roads in the night time & also for nearby shops.

BASIC PRINCIPLE- The project is concerned with generation of electricity from speed breakers-like set up. The load acted upon the speed breaker - setup is there by transmitted to rack and pinion arrangements . Here the reciprocating motion of the speed-breaker is converted into rotary motion using the rack and pinion arrangement. The axis of the pinion is coupled with the sprocket arrangement. The sprocket arrangement is made of two sprockets. One of larger size and the other of smaller size. Both the sprockets are connected by means of a chain which serves in transmitting power from the larger sprocket to the smaller sprocket. As the power is transmitted from the larger sprocket to the smaller sprocket, the speed that is available at the larger sprocket is relatively multiplied at the rotation of the smaller sprocket.

General Mechanism

Rack and pinion Mechanism

Internal Mechanism Shaft Large gear Small gear Fly wheel Ball bearing Rack& Pinion chain

CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS RACK SPROCKET FLYWHEEL BEARINGS SHAFT SPRINGS DC GENERATOR

Rack-pinion assembly mounting convenience max Rack-pinion assembly mounting convenience max. gear losses 3 to 5% efficiency-95%

Block Diagram

Permanent Magnet Dc Generator

SPECIFICATIONS OF DC GENERATOR 443541 Permanent Magnet DC Generator      Current Rating for the # 443541             3 A - Continuous Duty             3.3 A - 60 minutes             4 A - 30 minutes            10 A - 5 minutes Magnets: Two high-energy saturated C8 ceramic magnets. Shaft: Steel 12.7mm (1/2") diameter, 40mm length, with 1mm full-length flat. Armature: 16-slot armature 52mm diameter wound with AWG25 magnet wire Bearings: Two double-sealed 32mm OD ball bearings. Rotation: Either direction - The red output wire is positive for clockwise rotation from the shaft end. Speed: Zero to 5,000 rpm - generates at all speeds- depends on load.  Weight: 4.2Kg (9.2lb) Shipping weight 4.6Kg (10lb), dimensions 150x150x300mm (6x6x12in). Resistance: Internal resistance 7.7 ohms. Inductance 16mH. Maximum charging current is 10A If you exceed these specifications the generator will overheat

Specification of battery Performance Characteristics Nominal Voltage 12V Number of cell 6 Design Life Up to 5 years 20 hour rate (0.225A, 10.5V) 4.5Ah 10 hour rate (0.44A, 10.5V) 4.4Ah 5 hour rate (0.72A, 10.5V) 3.6Ah 1 hour rate (3.04A, 9.6V) 3.04Ah Internal Resistance Fully Charged battery 77oF(25oC) 35mOhms Self-Discharge 3% of capacity declined per month at 20oC(average) Operating Temperature Range Max. Discharge Current 77oF(25oC) 67.5A(5s) Short Circuit Current 225A Charge Methods: Constant Voltage Charge 77oF(25oC) CP1245 12V, 4.5Ah(20hr) Cycle use 14.5-14.9V Maximum charging current 1.8A Temperature compensation -30mV/oC Standby use 13.6-13.8V Temperature compensation -20mV/oC

Estimated Expenses One 12v 4.5ah battery cost will be around 600rs/battery. Cost of dc generator of above specified rating is about 3- 4000rs. Other electrical equipment will cost about 7-800rs. Other mechanical parts and construction will take about 2000-2500rs.

Rough estimation of profit The total installation cost of the hump is 7000 rupees. Total cost = 7000 rupees Say with improvements in design it can glow 5 streetlights of 40-watt capacity, which will consume 2.7 K.W.H. per day. For t years electricity bill will be 3449.25*t T=2years i.e. the consumer will be repaid his investment with in 2 years period. From this onwards, there will be no investment and free of cost. The life of POWER HUMP is estimated to be 7 years. So the customer will get free power generation for 5 years period. This power comes from the energy which is wasted on roads.

SCOPE,MERITS AND USES Low Budget electricity production Less floor area No obstruction to traffic Easy maintenance Suitable at parking of multiplexes, malls, toll booths, signals, etc. Uses: Charging batteries and using them to light up the streets, etc.

Future Scope: Such speed breakers can be designed for heavy vehicles, thus increasing input torque and ultimately output of generator. More suitable and compact mechanisms to enhance efficiency. Ultimately we can make the earth clean.

REFERENCES [1] Mukherjee.D Chakrabarti.S, 2005, Fundamentals of renewable energy systems, New Age international limited publishers, New Delhi. [2] Sharma .P.C, 2003, Non-conventional power plants, Public printing service, New Delhi. [3] Fundamentals of renewable energy systems, New Age international [4]WIKIPEDIA. [5] Non-conventional power engineering, Public printing service, New Delhi. [6] ‘Power System Control and Stability.’ P.M. Anderson. [7] Power System Stabilizers’ by Mitsubishi Corporation-A release notes from Mitsubishi Co

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