11/14 & 11/ th Grade Agenda Learning Objective: Learn about Stem Cells Collect HW: Reading & Note Taking p.81 – 84 Chap 4 Study Guide Who Wants to be a Millionaire Chap 4 Video: Test Your Brain Class Reading p HW: Unit Review & Reinforce p. 89 & 92 Reminder: Chap 4 Test on 11/19 & 11/20

Reflection Prompt: What is cancer and how can you reduce the chance of getting cancer?

DNA – Deoxyribonucleic Acid Nitrogen Based Molecules (4 Letters of DNA Alphabet) A pairs up with ____ G pairs up with ____ T C

Cell Cycle Stage 1: Interphase: Period before cell division occurs. –Cell doubles in size –Copy the DNA in its nucleus

Cell Cycle Stage 2: Mitosis –One copy of the DNA is distributed into each of the two daughter cells

Cell Cycle Stage 3: Cytokinesis –Cytoplasm divides

Cell Cycle Facts Some cells divide every 2 hours or less Human Liver cells divide every 22 hours There are about _____ million cells dividing in your body right now!! Most cells divide but human b_____ cells never divide. 100 rain

Cell Cycle Facts Some cells divide every 2 hours or less Human Liver cells divide every 22 hours There are about 100 million cells dividing in your body right now!! Most cells divide but human brain cells never divide.

Chromosomes

DNA Replication DNA looks like a spiral staircase “double helix” Two sides of DNA ladder are made up of sugar called deoxyribose and Phosphate Adenine always pairs with Thymine Cytosine always pairs with Guanine

Cancer What is Cancer Mutation: Damage to the DNA

Cancer Cancer begins when mu________ disrupt the normal cell cycle causing cells to di_________ in an uncontrolled way Eventually a tu______ (a mass of abnormal cells) forms. tation vide mor

How Cancer Spreads

Treating Cancer Surgery: Only effective during early stages Radiation: Radiation also destroy healthy cells Chemotherapy: Uses of drugs to kill cancer cells. Side effect: Also kills healthy cells.

Cancer Prevention 2/3 of all cancer deaths are caused by tobacco use or unhealthful diets Smoking is the main cause of lung cancer

Cancer Prevention Diet high in fat (fatty meats, fried foods) is harmful Diet that includes a lot of fruits, vegetables and grain products can lower some type of cancer.

Differentiation As cells differentiate, they become diff_____ from one another. erent

Stem Cells Stem Cells respond to specific needs in the body by becoming a spec____zed ce___ iali ll