Reproduction L/O :- To know the difference between sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction

Do plants have sex? Sexual reproduction is sometimes referred to as sex. Some plants reproduce sexually so ‘how do plants have sex?’ Are all plant offspring (babies) exactly the same as the parent plants?

What are the differences between sexual and asexual reproduction? Asexual ReproductionSexual Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction Involves only 1 parent Organisms are identical and called clones Their genes are identical Examples: Daffodils, Strawberries, Brambles, Spider Plants, Bacteria Sexual Reproduction Involves 2 parents Half the genetic information is received from each parent Offspring inherit a mixture of alleles from different parents so don’t look the same Produces offspring that resemble both parents, but are not identical to them

Sexual Reproduction Explain how sexual and asexual reproduction happens (6 marks) You will be given marks for your use of English What does this mean about the GAMETES (sex cells)? In asexual reproduction all the chromosomes are copied to form a CLONE. BUT in sexual reproduction, half the chromosomes come from each parent and. Each chromosome carries the same genes but these may be different versions (alleles)

Sexual Reproduction Male gamete and a female gamete join - this fusion of gametes is called fertilisation Allows some of the genetic information from each parent to mix, producing offspring that resemble their parents, but are not identical to them  In this way, sexual reproduction leads to variety in the offspring

Each pair of genes affects a different characteristic – the genes in the pair can come in different forms These different versions of the same gene are called alleles Offspring inherit a random mixture of thousands of alleles from their parents, which is why offspring do not look exactly like either parent

Asexual reproduction Only needs one parent, unlike sexual reproduction, which needs two parent Since there is only one parent, there is no fusion of gametes and no mixing of genetic information – So the offspring are genetically identical to the parent and to each other (clones)  Some plants produce side branches with plantlets on them (e.g. Busy Lizzy)  Other plants produce runners with plantlets on them (e.g. strawberries)

Asexual reproduction in plants can take a number of forms Many plants develop underground food storage organs that later develop into the following year’s plants (e.g. potato plants and daffodil plants) Daffodil bulb at start of season Daffodil bulb at end of season

Bacteria can copy themselves very quickly – their numbers can double every 20 minutes! That’s 10 times faster than the quickest animal cells. Speedy bacterial clones