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Biochemistry HomeostasisPhotosynthesis Respiration Cell Reproduction

An iodine solution is placed on the cut side of a potato. Within seconds, a blue-black color appears. What is most likely occurring? A a positive test for proteins B a positive test for starches C a negative test for proteins D a negative test for starches A 100

B a positive test for starches A 100

RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound? A carbohydrate B lipid C nucleic acid D protein A 200

C nucleic acids A 200

Which is represented by the blue structure? A substrate B product C enzyme D complex This diagram shows an enzyme-substrate complex. Which is represented by the blue structure? A substrate B product C enzyme D complex A 300

A substrate A 300

What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction? A The reaction rate will increase. B The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained. C The reaction rate will decrease. D The reaction will stop. A 400

A the reaction rate will increase A 400

Enzymes are classified as which of the following biological organic compounds? A carbohydrates B lipids C nucleic acids D proteins A 500

D proteins A 500

A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will be stopped? A osmosis B photosynthesis C protein synthesis D respiration B 100

C protein synthesis B 100

Which is the most likely function of a group of cells that contains a high number of chloroplasts? A respiration B transpiration C fermentation D photosynthesis B 200

D photosynthesis B 200

Some organelles have their own DNA that is distinct from the cell’s nuclear DNA. This is true of which organelle? A cell wall B mitochondrion C plasma membrane D vacuole B 300

B mitochondrion B 300

Why do cells need buffering agents? A to maintain constant internal environment at a pH of 10 B to minimize the changes in pH of the internal environment C to function properly in an extremely basic internal environment D to function properly in an extremely acid internal environment B 400

B to minimize changes in pH in the internal environment B 400

Individuals who lack lactase are unable to break down the sugar lactose. Which term best describes lactase? A enzyme B fatty acid C lipid D starch B 500

A enzyme B 500

Placing wilted lettuce in cold water will make it crisp again. Which statement best describes what happens to restore the lettuce to its original condition? A Water left the lettuce cells by diffusion. B Water entered the cells of the lettuce by osmosis. C Osmosis caused salts to enter the lettuce cells. D Salts in the leaf caused water to leave the cells. C 100

B water entered the cells C 100

Which cell process will move substances against a concentration gradient? A diffusion B facilitated diffusion C osmosis D active transport C 200

D active transport C 200

A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which has occurred? A The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution. B The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums. C The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient. D The water in the gums has moved from a high to a low concentration of water. C 300

D the water has moved from a high to a low concentration C 300

DAILY DOUBLE C 400 DAILY DOUBLE Place A Wager

Which is an example of osmosis? A potassium ions moving in and out of an animal cell B carbon dioxide moving into the leaf cells of a plant C oxygen moving into the bloodstream from the lungs D water moving into the root cells of a plant C 400

D water moving into the root cells of a plant C 400

In humans, glucose is kept in balance in the bloodstream by insulin. Which concept does this best illustrate? A adaptation B homeostasis C metabolism D organization C 500

B homeostasis C 500

A plant species lives in an area with limited sunlight. Which physical adaptation would be most useful to the plant? A colorful flowers B large leaves C deep roots D thin cuticle D 100

B large leaves D 100

What is the main function of leaves? A Leaves provide support for growth and a place to store food. B Leaves provide a place for photosynthesis to occur. C Leaves absorb water and minerals and transport nutrients to the stem. D 200

B leaves provide a place for photosynthesis to occur D 200

In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different? A Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP. B Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen. C Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy. D Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide. D 300

D Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide. D 300

Which kingdoms have photosynthetic organisms? A fungi and plants B fungi and protists C protists and plants D plants and animals D 400

C protists and plants D 400

Which structure in the leaf controls the opening and closing of the stoma? A cuticle B epidermis C guard cell D spongy mesophyll D 500

C guard cells D 500

Which organism is most likely to use anaerobic respiration? A bird B moss C tree D yeast E 100

D yeast E 100

Two different species of bacteria are examined. Scientists find that Species X always produces CO 2 and H 2 O during cellular respiration. Species Y always produces ethyl alcohol and CO 2. Which conclusion can be made from these observations? A Only Species Y is aerobic. B Only Species Y is anaerobic. C Both Species X and Y are aerobic. D Both Species X and Y are anaerobic. E 200

B only species Y is anaerobic E 200

In terms of ATP production, which process results in the most stored energy? A aerobic respiration B anaerobic respiration C fermentation D photosynthesis E 300

A aerobic respiration E 300

Which statement best distinguishes aerobic from anaerobic respiration? A Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation. B Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria. C Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen. D Only anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide. E 400

C only aerobic respiration requires oxygen E 400

Which most accurately describes the difference in ATP production between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration? A Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration. B Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than aerobic respiration. C Only anaerobic respiration produces measurable amounts of ATP. D Anaerobic and aerobic respiration produce the same amount of ATP. E 500

A aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration E 500

Sexual reproduction provides for what to occur? A cloning B budding C genetic stability D genetic variation F 100

D genetic variation F 100

Which would most likely favor species survival in changing environmental conditions? A genetic recombination B energy involvement in gamete production C length of life cycle D number of offspring produced F 200

A genetic recombination F 200

Before a cell goes through either mitosis or meiosis, which process must be carried out by the DNA in the nucleus? A replication B nondisjunction C transcription D translation F 300

A replication F 300

Which term best describes the type of cell division in which parent cells produce daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cells? A mitosis B meiosis C spermatogenesis D oogenesis F 400

A mitosis F 400

What is the primary cause of variation in the offspring of sexually reproducing organisms? A cytoplasmic division B environmental changes C mutation D recombination of alleles F 500

D recombination of alleles F 500

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