SOCIOLOGY A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e SOCIOLOGY Chapter Six: Societies to Social Networks This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. James M. Henslin

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon “People who interact with one another and think of themselves as belonging together.” What is a Group?

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Domestication Revolution  Hunting and Gathering  Pastoral and Horticultural  Agricultural Societies and Their Transformation

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Industrial Revolution  Postindustrial (Information)  Bioeconomic—New Type? Societies and Their Transformation

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20075

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20076

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Not to be Confused with Groups...  Aggregate  Category Groups Within Society

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Primary Groups  Face-to-Face  The Family  Friends  Producing a Mirror Within Groups Within Society

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Secondary Groups  Larger, More Anonymous  Members Interact Based on Statuses  Fail to Satisfy Need for Intimate Association Groups Within Society

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon In-Groups and Out-Groups  Loyalty to In-Groups  Antagonism Towards Out-Groups Groups Within Society

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  In-Groups and Out-Groups Produce…  Loyalty  Sense of Superiority  Rivalries  Implications for Socially Diverse Society Groups Within Society

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Reference Groups  Provide a Yardstick  Expose Us to Contradictory Standards Groups Within Society

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon Social Networks  The Small World Phenomenon  Is the Small World Phenomenon a Myth? Groups Within Society

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Implications for Socially Diverse Society  Implications for Science Groups Within Society

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Electronic Communities  People Connect Online  Newsgroups  Online Chat Rooms  Some Meet Definition of Group Groups Within Society

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Group Size Affects Stability and Intimacy  Dyad  Triad  Coalitions  As Size Increases, So Does Stability  As Size Increases, Intensity and Intimacy Decrease Group Dynamics

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Effects of Group Size on Attitudes and Behavior  The Larger the Group…  Greater Diffusion of Responsibility  Increase in Formality  Division into Smaller Groups Group Dynamics

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Who Becomes a Leader?  Types of Leaders  Instrumental  Expressive Leadership

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Leadership Styles  Authoritarian  Democratic  Laissez-Faire  Leadership Styles in Changing Situations Leadership

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Power of Peer Pressure—Asch Experiment  Study on Conformity Group Dynamics

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Power of Peer Pressure—Asch Experiment  Study on Conformity  Power of Authority—Milgram Experiment  Administering Shocks Group Dynamics

Chapter 6: Societies to Social Networks Copyright © Allyn & Bacon  Irving Janis Coined the Term  Examples of Groupthink  Preventing Groupthink Groupthink - Global Consequences