Human Body Systems Lesson 6 Terms and Definitions.

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Presentation transcript:

Human Body Systems Lesson 6 Terms and Definitions

Q: How do nutrients get from the food you eat to the cells of your body?

Where do nutrients travel? Digestive tract Blood stream (the UPS delivery truck to the cells) Cells of the body where they are used

A: Active Transport and Passive Transport (diffusion)

Diffusion / Passive Transport Diffusion - Process in which substances move from areas of high concentration to low concentration NO energy required from cells Passive transport Ex: Hot Tea

Video Watch video of passive transport

Cellular respiration Cellular respiration – process by which nutrients are broken down in the body in the presence of oxygen and cellular energy is released. (we’ll explore in Lesson 12)  Energy released is used for active transport

Active Transport Active Transport - Use of cellular energy for substances to pass across/through a cellular membrane Low to High Concentration ENERGY NEEDED

Active Transport Proteins in Cell Membrane are selective Energy comes from substance ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Video Watch Video of Active Transport

Small Intestines (SI) 6-8 meters long Diameter is 2.5 cm

2 New liquids are introduced in SI 1.Pancreatic juice 2.Bile (gall bladder) Gallbladder

Pancreatic juice Contains New Enzymes –Breaks down carbs, proteins, and fats 1.5 liters of pancreatic juice per day Alkaline or basic – neutralizes gastric acids from stomach

Gallbladder Secretes greenish yellow liquid called bile Bile is made in the liver, and stored in the gallbladder Breakdown FATS

What are P,C, & F broken down into? Proteins amino acids Carbohydrates simple sugars Fats fatty acids and glycerol

Final stages of nutrient breakdown Enzymes help break down foods. Chyme has become… –Simple Sugars –Amino acids –Fatty acids –Vitamins –Minerals Small enough to be absorbed into bloodstream