Switches Andrew Fiade

Objectives

LAN Design Goals

 Functionality - The network must work. The network must allow users to meet their job requirements. The network must provide user-to-user and user-to- application connectivity with reasonable speed and reliability.  Scalability - The network must be able to grow. The initial design should grow without any major changes to the overall design.  Adaptability - The network must be designed with a vision toward future technologies. The network should not include elements that would limit implementation of new technologies as they become available.  Manageability - The network should be designed to facilitate network monitoring and management to ensure continuous stability of operation

LAN Design Considerations  The function and placement of servers  Collision-detection issues  Segmentation issues  Broadcast domain issues

Collision Domain: Basic Shared Access

Ethernet Technology: Segmentation

Broadcast Domain

Metodologi LAN Desain  Mendapatkan semua kebutuhan  Analisa kebutuhan dan data  Desain di Layer 1, 2, and 3 LAN structure, atau topologi  Dokumentasi logical dan physical network implementation

Mengumpulkan semua kebutuhan -Struktur organisasi -Aliran data bisnis informasi -Aplikasi yang digunakan -Topologi yang digunakan saat ini -Performa dari karaterisitik jaringan saat ini

 The following questions should be asked to gather information:  Who are the people that will use the network?  What is the skill level of these people?  What are their attitudes toward computers and computer applications?  How developed are the organizational documented policies?  Has some data been declared mission critical?  Have some operations been declared mission critical?  What protocols are allowed on the network?  Are only certain desktop hosts supported?

 Who is responsible for LAN addresses, naming, topology design, and configuration?  What are the organizational human, hardware, and software resources?  How are these resources currently linked and shared?  What financial resources does the organization have available? Documentation of the requirements allow for an informed estimate of costs and timelines for projected LAN design implementation. It is important to understand performance issues of any network

 Availability measures the usefulness of the network. The following are a few of the many things that affect availability:  Throughput  Response time  Access to resources  Every customer has a different definition of availability. For example, there may be a need to transport voice and video over the network. These services may require more bandwidth than is available on the network or backbone. To increase availability, more resources can be added, but that increases the cost of the network. Network designs should provide the greatest availability for the least cost.

 The next step in the network design is to analyze the requirements of the network and its users. Network user needs constantly change. As more voice and video-based network applications become available, the necessity to increase network bandwidth grows too.  A LAN that is not able to provide prompt and accurate information to its users is useless. Steps must be taken to ensure that the information requirements of the organization and its workers are met.

 The next step is to decide on an overall LAN topology that will satisfy the user requirements. In this curriculum, concentration will be on the star topology and extended star topology. The star topology and extended star topology use Ethernet CSMA/CD technology. CSMA/CD star topology is the dominant configuration in the industry.  LAN topology design can be broken into the following three unique categories of the OSI reference model:  Network layer  Data link layer  Physical layer

 The final step in LAN design methodology is to document the physical and logical topology of the network. The physical topology of the network refers to the way in which various LAN components are connected together. The logical design of the network refers to the flow of data in a network. It also refers to the name and address schemes used in the implementation of the LAN design solution

Analisa kebutuhan dan data

Mengembangkan LAN Topology

Developing a LAN Topology

Dokumentasi Logical Diagram

Extended Star Topology in a Multi- Building Campus MDF= Main Distributed Facility, tempat untuk menyimpan enterprise server

Divisi IDF =intermediate Distributed Facilities, tempat untuk menyimpan Workgroup server Layer 2 LAN switches located in the MDF and IDFs should have 100 Mbps or more allocated to these servers.

Setting Up VLAN Implementation

Use Routers to Impose Logical Structure

Addressing Maps

Developing a Layer 1 LAN Topology

Cable Characteristics and IEEE Values Baseband: sebuah fitur dari teknologi network yang menggunakan hanya satu pembawa (carrier) frekuensi. Contohnya ethernet. Disebut juga “narrowband” (pita sempit)

Star Topology Using CAT 5 UTP

Typical MDF in Star Topology

Multi-Building Campus

Extended Star Topology in a Multi-Building Campus

Extended Star Topology

Documentation Logical Diagram

Cut Sheet

Developing a Layer 2 LAN Topology

Microsegmentation of the Network Semua host terlihat dijaringan Host telah distruktur

Collision Domain Size with Hubs

Layer 2 Switch Collision Domains

Layer 2 Switch with Hubs

Layer 2 Migrate to Higher Bandwidth

Layer 3 Router Implementation

Use Routers to Impose Logical Structure Routers provide scalability because they serve as firewalls for broadcasts. They can also provide scalability by dividing networks into subnetworks, or subnets, based on Layer 3 addresses.

Layer 3 Router for Segmentation

Logical Addressing Mapped to Physical Network

Addressing Maps

Logical Network Maps and Addressing Maps

Physical Network Maps

Setting Up VLAN Implementation

VLAN Communication

Hierarchical Design Model: Access Layer Salah satu dari model hierarkis tiga layer cisco. Layer ini menyediakan akses ke internetwork utnuk pengguna

Access Layer

Functions of the Access Layer

Features of Access Layer Switches

Access Layer Switches  Catalyst 1900 series  Catalyst 2820 series  Catalyst 2950 series  Catalyst 4000 series  Catalyst 5000 series

Distribution Layer

Distribution layer  Layer tengah dari model hierarkis tiga-layer cisco, yang membantu anda merancang, menginstal dan memelihara network hierarkis cisco.layer ini adalah titik dimana peralatan layer akses melakukan hubungan. Routing dilakukan dilayer ini

Distribution Layer  In a switched network, the distribution layer includes several functions such as the following: Aggregation of the wiring-closet connections Broadcast/multicast domain definition VLAN routing Any media transitions that need to occur Security

Distribution Layer Switches Cisco Catalyst 2926G Cisco Catalyst 6000 Family Cisco Catalyst 5000 Family

Core Layer The core layer is a high-speed switching backbone. The core layer should be designed to switch packets as fast as possible.

Core Layer  Layer inti. Layer teratas dalam model hierarkis tiga layer cisco, yang membantu anda merancang, membangun dan memelihara network –network hierarkis cisco. Layer ini melewatkan paket-paket dengan cepat ke alat layer distribusi saja. Tidak ada paket filtering yang terjadi pada layer ini

Core Layer Switches Catalyst 6500 series IGX 8400 series Catalyst 8500 series Lightstream 1010

Summary

Sekian dan Terima Kasih