English Theatre History The 16th and 17th Centuries.

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Presentation transcript:

English Theatre History The 16th and 17th Centuries

Lecture 3 Sex and Gender in Early Modern English Theatre

Sex/Gender Is there a difference between « sex » and « gender »?

Androgynous: Greek « andros » + « gyne »/man + woman

Androgyny in Fashion

Hermaphrodite or « True Intersex » « True intersex » is the medical term for a condition in which an individual is born with ovarian and testicular tissue: in other words, female and male reproductive organs.

Hermaphroditus: Child of Hermes and Aphrodite

Hermaphroditus : At the Louvre

One Sex on the Early Modern English Stage for Male and Female Characters Men and Boys played all the roles

Boys, Ages 13-20, or so Boy players played: 1.Female roles and male children for the mainstream companies. 2. They played all the roles in the « children’s » companies.

Edward Kynaston

The Children of Paul’s

Philip Stubbes, 1583 The Anatomie of Abuses « Of stage-plays, interludes and their wickedness »

Moll Firth, or Moll « Cutpurse »

The Roaring Girl

Hic Mulier, or The Man-Woman A Pamphlet

Haec-Vir, or The Womanish-Man a Response to Hic Mulier

Macbeth and the « Wyrd » Sisters

The Witches « You should be women And yet your beards forbid me to interpret That you are so » Macbeth, Act 1, Scene 3

Perseus and Medusa, Bellini

The Head of Medusa, Bellini

Medusa, Caravaggio Self-Portrait?

Medusa, Paris 47, rue Vieille du Temple

Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare The Plot for Cesario’s Soliloquy Viola, is shipwrecked in Illyria. She dresses as a boy, Cesario, and plays servant-boy to Duke Orsino. She thus becomes the ‘monster’, Viola/Cesario. Orsino is in love with the Countess Olivia. Orsino asks Cesario to help him woo Olivia for him. Olivia, however, falls in love with Viola, dressed as Cesario, instead of Orsino. Viola realizes she’s in a very tricky, « muddled » situation.

Judi Dench: M in Skyfall

What is a Soliloquy? « To Be or Not To Be » Hamlet

Twelfth Night, Viola’s Ring Soliloquy

Imogen Stubbs

Imogen Stubbs as Cesario

Twelfth Night, Olivia’s Passion

Mary, Queen of Scots and Her Son, James VI

King James VI of Scotland and James I of Britain

James I

Anne of Denmark, Queen of England (Wife of James I)

Inigo Jones, Court Architect

The Court Masque

Penthesilea, played by a woman

The Masque of Blackness

Atalanta

River Nymph

Masquer