Far-infrared spectroscopy of atmospheric water vapour

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Presentation transcript:

Far-infrared spectroscopy of atmospheric water vapour Cathryn Fox

Why study the far-infrared? The TAFTS instrument Overview Why study the far-infrared? The TAFTS instrument The water vapour continuum Modelling of the FIR spectrum with LBLRTM The RHUBC campaign

The importance of the far-infrared The Earth’s radiative emission spectrum peaks in the far infrared FIR contributes 27-35% of clear sky out-going longwave radiation Water vapour absorbs in a pure rotation band below 667 cm-1

Heating rate diagrams Tropical Standard Atmosphere Sub-arctic winter Standard Atmosphere Brindley & Harries (1998)

The TAFTS instrument Tropospheric Airborne Fourier Transform Spectrometer Dual-input Martin-Puplett (polarizing) FTS Can measure both up- and down-welling radiation 4 detectors take measurements in range: 80-300cm-1 (2 x Ge:Ga) 330-650cm-1 (2 x Si:Sb) Integrated black body calibration Resolution: 0.12cm-1 TAFTS has been employed in various data campaigns, both ground-based and aboard the NERC/UKMO FAAM BAe-146 research aircraft

The water vapour continuum Water vapour is observed to absorb with two components: monomer line absorption – around 50,000 spectral lines currently cataloged in databases such as HITRAN the continuum - a slowly varying underlying absorption, contributes up to 40% of the total longwave cooling rate necessary to reconcile observations with models physical mechanism is not yet fully understood competing theories exist - enhanced far wing absorption or dimers Models currently use a semi-empirical formulation (MT-CKD) of the continuum which has not been tested at all wavelengths LBLRTM simulations of downwelling radiances to demonstrate the water vapour continuum. The black spectrum includes the MT-CKD model, the blue spectrum does not. Taken from Beeby (2012)

LBLRTM The Line-By-Line Radiative Transfer Model is used to create simulations of spectra based on input atmospheric profiles. The water vapour continuum strength in these simulations can be fractionally adjusted The observed spectra from TAFTS are interpolated onto the simulations to derive the most accurate continuum strength N. Humpage (2010)

Recent measurements R. Beeby (2012)

The RHUBC campaign Radiative Heating in Underexplored Bands Campaign Aims: Water vapour spectroscopy through clear sky observations Instrument cross-calibration and validation (TAFTS vs AERI-ER) Investigation of radiative properties of sub-arctic cirrus 22 February to 14 March 2007 ARM NSA site in Barrow, AK 71° N 19.378‘, 156° W 36.934‘ Average temp -30C

Current findings Observed (black) and simulated (blue) TAFTS clear sky spectra from 10th March 2007. The residual (simulation minus observation) is also shown.

Aims and summary The far-infrared region plays an important role in the Earth’s radiative energy budget Representation of water vapour in GCMs can be improved through spectral observations and LBLRTM modelling Initial findings from RHUBC suggest a strengthening of the continuum is needed. Further calibration and simulations are currently in process.