6.1 Organizing the Elements > 1 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Chapter 6 The Periodic Table 6.1 Organizing the Elements 6.2 Classifying the Elements 6.3 Periodic Trends

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 2 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Do Now: CHEMISTRY & YOU List the different ways that you can sort a deck of card.

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 3 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Mendeleev’s Periodic Table How did Mendeleev organize his periodic table? VV4Diomg Mendeleev’s Periodic Table

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 4 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Mendeleev’s Periodic Table Mendeleev arranged elements in order of increasing atomic mass. Elements with similar properties were put in the same row.

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 5 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Today’s Periodic Table In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 6 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Today’s Periodic Table There are seven rows, or periods, in the table. Each period corresponds to a principal energy level. There are more elements in higher- numbered periods because there are more orbitals in higher energy levels.

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 7 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Are elements with similar properties found in the rows (periods) or columns (groups) of the modern periodic table?

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 8 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Are elements with similar properties found in the rows (periods) or columns (groups) of the modern periodic table? Elements with similar properties are found in the columns, or groups, of the modern periodic table.

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 9 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. The number of yellow squares in the table shows that most elements are metals— about 80%. Metals Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 10 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Metals Malleable – can be hammered into sheets Ductile – can be drawn into wires Good conductors of heat & electric current Solids at room temp., except mercury (Hg). Shiny Hard Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 11 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Blue is used to identify the nonmetals. Nonmetals Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 12 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Nonmetals tend to have properties that are opposite to those of metals. Nonmetals Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids Poor conductors of heat and electric current. Carbon, in the form of graphite, is an exception to this rule. Solid nonmetals tend to be brittle, meaning that they will shatter if hit with a hammer.

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 13 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. A heavy stair-step line separates metals from nonmetals. Metalloids Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids Most of the elements that border this line are shaded green. These elements are metalloids.

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 14 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Metalloids have properties that are similar to those of metals and nonmetals. Under some conditions, metalloids behave like metals. Under others, they behave like nonmetals. Behavior can often be controlled by changing the conditions. Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids Metalloids

6.1 Organizing the Elements > 15 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.. Like most nonmetals, pure silicon is a poor conductor of electric current. However, if a small amount of boron is mixed with the silicon, the mixture is a good conductor of electric current. Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids Metalloids Silicon is also present as the compound silicon dioxide in glass items. Silicon can be cut into wafers and used to make computer chips.