International Education: Access, Trends and Career Pathways Stacey Gustavson, Fanming Lin Nicole Linko, Lorena Roedan

Table of Contents ▪Importance of international education ▪General student mobility trends ▪Choice & Access ▪Chinese students ▪Middle Eastern students ▪Careers and skills

Why is international education important?

During the 2014/15 academic year… ▪How many international students studied in the U.S.? ▪Which states in the U.S. hosted the most international students? ▪Which countries sent the most students to study in the U.S.? General Student Mobility Trends in the U.S.

International Student Choice and Access Why do students choose to leave their home country for education? What are common barriers for international students wishing to study in the U.S.?

New Trends for Chinese Students ▪Top country: more than 30% of all int. students ▪Stratification ▪Nouvaeu Riche: financial support from the family ▪Changing expectation ▪ Liberal Art Education & more Options ▪ American culture ▪Challenges ▪Increasing competition for top universities ▪Integration

New Trends for Middle Eastern Students ▪Top Countries (Iran & Saudi Arabia, 11%+) ▪Government Sponsorships Challenges Neo-racism and discrimination Misconceptions Ban on Iranian students Political factors Opportunities Strong need for college/community cultural education

Career Opportunities* Types of Jobs Int’l Admissions Int’l Student Advising Int’l Scholar Advising Support Coordination Study Abroad Advising Skills Intense Travel Immigration Law Legal Aspects Outreach Communication *NAFSA: Association of International Educators, 2016

Preparing New Professionals ▪Identifying a cause ▪Networking ▪Mentoring ▪Experiences ▪Advice

Conclusion & Best Practices ▪Diversity and Inclusion Efforts ▪Strengthen Harassment Policies ▪Academic and Language Support Programs Montgomery College Welcome Center

References Bhandari, R., & Blumenthal, P. (2010). International Students and Global Mobility in Higher Education: National Trends and New Directions. International and Development Education Palgrave Macmillan. 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY Retrieved from Institute of International Education. (2004). Open Doors 2004: Report on International Educational Exchange. New York: Author. Institute of International Education. (2015). China Open Doors New York: Author. Kottasova, I (2016, February 9). Saudi Arabia cuts funding for students abroad. CNN. Retrieved from DeRuy, E. (2015, February 25). Did you know that Iranian students can’t attend some U.S. colleges?. FUSION. Retrieved from García, H. A., De, M., & Villarreal, L. (2014). The “ Redirecting ” of International Students: American Higher Education Policy Hindrances and Implications. Journal of International Students, 4(2), 126–136. Retrieved from Lee, J. J. (2008). Beyond Borders: International Student Pathways to the United States. Journal of Studies in International Education, 12(3), 308– Lee, J. J. and Rice, C. (2007) ‘Welcome to America? Perceptions of Neo-Racism and Discrimination Among International Students’. Higher Education 53: 381–409.

References cont’d Lee J. (2010). International Students' Experiences and Attitudes at a US Host Institution: Self-Reports and Future Recommendations. Journal of Research in International Education. 9(1)m Doi: / Migin, M. W., Falahat, M., & Khatibi, A. (2015). Conceptualizing the Decision Making Process of International Students in Higher Education. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 6(1), 119–126. Mueller, S., Overmann, M. (2008). Working World: Careers in International Education Exchange, and Development. Georgetown University Press. NAFSA: Association of International Educators Academic Support Coordinator –Deana Olsen. Retrieved from n/ NAFSA: Association of International Educators Director, International Admissions and Programs - Andy Fraher. Retrieved from _Programs_-_Andy_Fraher/ NAFSA: Association of International Educators International Scholar Adviser –Janica Cimo. Retrieved from NAFSA: Association of International Educators Study Abroad Counselor - Ned Khatrichettri. Retrieved from _Ned_Khatrichettri/ Redden, E. (2015, August 18). Study in Tehran. Inside Higher Education. Retrieved from

References cont’d Redden, E. (2016, April 15). Middle Eastern Students Ask, Is Idaho State Safe? Inside Higher Education. Retrieved from Saudi Ministry of Education. Retrieved from We would like to thank the following interviewees: Fadi Jamil Abboud, Sophomore, Pennsylvania State University Dr. Gregory Malveaux, Study Abroad Coordinator, Montgomery College Nancy Maloney, Associate Director for International Affairs, Marywood University Heidi Russell-Kalkofen, International Student Coordinator, Montgomery College Leyang Xiao, Rotational Associate, Pfizer, UC San Diego (Class of 2015) Qingning Zhang, Senior, Shanghai World Foreign Language Middle School, Duke University (Class of 2020)