Evidence for Evolution/Common Ancestor Evidence for Evolution/Common Ancestor.

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Presentation transcript:

Evidence for Evolution/Common Ancestor Evidence for Evolution/Common Ancestor

Provides TRANSITIONAL LINKS between species

FOSSILS

SIMILAR EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT

1.Homologous Structures: NOTE: similar structure, but NOT always function! 2.Analogous Structures NOTE: similar FUNCTION, but not STRUCTURE

SIMILAR ANATOMY

Body structure that has no function in a present day organism but was probably useful to an ancestor

VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES

Biochemical Evidence (Similar DNA) Biochemical Evidence (Similar DNA) Almost all living things use the same biochemical molecules such as……… DNA, Protein, ATP

WHAT IS EVOLUTION??? WHAT CAN CAUSE EVOLUTION???

Mechanisms/Causes of Evolution Notes

NATURAL SELECTION

MUTATIONS

GENE FLOW WHAT DOES THIS EVEN MEAN WHAT’S GOING ON HERE? oror

I CAN MATE WITH ONE OF YOU. I WILL DECIDE!!! NON-RANDOM MATING/SEXUAL SELECTION

Mechanisms/causes of Evolution Natural Selection Mutations Gene Flow Non Random Mating: Sexual Selection But Wait… There is one more agent

Genetic Drift Refers to changes in the population due to chance (random) Not due to natural selection

Natural Selection vs. Genetic Drift

Genetic Drift Population Before Disaster Occurs Population After

Types of Genetic Drift 1.Bottleneck Effect 2. Founder Effect

Bottleneck Effect a.Occurs when an event causes a significant percentage of the population or species to be killed or otherwise prevented from reproducing b.Often caused by natural disasters or human interference

Bottleneck Effect Model

Founder Effect Occurs when a few individuals found a colony and only a fraction of the total genetic diversity of the original population is represented.

Founder Effect

Example: Amish population Isolated religious sect that descended from a few German ancestors. As many as 1 out of every 14 people carry a recessive allele for unusual form of dwarfism and/or allele for polydactylism (extra fingers) In non-Amish population, only 1 in 1,000 has this allele

Let’s Practice a Few.

What term would best describe the picture below? Original Population Newly Established Population 1.Founder Effect 2.Bottleneck Effect 3.Mutation 4.I need help with this.

What term would best describe the picture below? 1.Founder effect 2.Bottleneck effect 3.Natural selection 4.I need help with this.

What mechanism of evolution is shown below? 1.Genetic Drift 2.Gene Flow 3.Mutation 4.Natural Selection

What Mechanism of Evolution is shown below? 1.Genetic Drift 2.Gene Flow 3.Natural Selection 4.Mutation

In reality, are these conditions achieved in populations? NO So, what do populations actually “do” over time?? EVOLVE

Is it possible to detect these changes in a population over a short period of time? YES Hardy-Weinberg provides the evidence!

Discuss with your partner the relationship between the terms… allele, genotype, and phenotype, homozygous, and heterozygous.

What is a Gene Pool?