Celebrations in the USA. Martin Luther King Day.

The new words: to protest[prə’test] a protest[‘prəutest] a boycott[‘boi,kot] a sit-in[‘sit’in] a stronghold[‘stroŋ,həuld] racism[‘rei,siz(ə)m] segregation[,segri’geiS(ə)n] to mourn[mo:n] gratitude[‘grætitju:d] ingratitude[in‘grætitju:d]

The new words: to protest[prə’test]протестовать a protest[‘prəutest]протест a boycott[‘boi,kot]бойкот a sit-in[‘sit’in]сидячая забастовка a stronghold[‘stroŋ,həuld]оплот racism[‘rei,siz(ə)m]расизм segregation[,segri’geiS(ə)n]изоляция, отделение to mourn[mo:n]оплакивать gratitude[‘grætitju:d]благодарность ingratitude[in‘grætitju:d]неблагодарность

Be ready to answer the following questions: 1 What has been one of the most important problems in American life for many years? 2 How did the Civil Rights Movement begin? Whom was it organized by? 3 What were the results of the Civil Rights Movement?

Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, who struggled for civil rights for African- American.

The relationship between the black and white races has been one of the most important problems in American life for many years.

In 1955, a black woman Rosa Parks occupied a seat in the front part of the bus refusing to get up. She was arrested.

The boycott lasted for 385 days.

King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism.

They held "sit-ins” in segregated restaurants: sat at the restaurant tables and demanded the same service as white costumers.

Newspaper and TV programmes showed pictures of black protesters being beaten by the police.

In 1963 Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part.

King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream…”

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools.

In 1986, President Ronald Reagan declared the third Monday in January a federal legal holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

On Monday, January in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American.

Television channels broadcast special programs with filmed highlights of Dr. King’s life and times.

Answer the following questions: 1 What has been one of the most important problems in American life for many years? 2 How did the Civil Rights Movement begin? Whom was it organized by? 3 What were the results of the Civil Rights Movement?

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of ___________ rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In ______, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The ______ lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a __________ of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict __________ in all aspects of daily life. 5 In _____ Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 ________________________ guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King _____________ by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply _______ his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of________ if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In ______, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The ______ lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a __________ of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict __________ in all aspects of daily life. 5 In _____ Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 ________________________ guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King _____________ by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply _______ his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of________ if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The _________ lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a __________ of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict __________ in all aspects of daily life. 5 In _____ Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 ________________________ guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King _____________ by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply _______ his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of________ if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a __________ of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict __________ in all aspects of daily life. 5 In _____ Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 ________________________ guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King _____________ by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply _______ his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of________ if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict __________ in all aspects of daily life. 5 In _____ Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 ________________________ guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King _____________ by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply _______ his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of________ if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict segregation in all aspects of daily life. 5 In _____ Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 ________________________ guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King _____________ by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply _______ his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of________ if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict segregation in all aspects of daily life. 5 In 1963 Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 ________________________ guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King _____________ by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply _______ his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of________ if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict segregation in all aspects of daily life. 5 In 1963 Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King _____________ by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply _______ his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of________ if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict segregation in all aspects of daily life. 5 In 1963 Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King was assassinated by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply __________ his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of________ if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict segregation in all aspects of daily life. 5 In 1963 Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King was assassinated by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply mourned his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of________ if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict segregation in all aspects of daily life. 5 In 1963 Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King was assassinated by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply mourned his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of ingratitude if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, ____________ in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ______________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _____ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict segregation in all aspects of daily life. 5 In 1963 Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King was assassinated by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply mourned his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of ingratitude if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, January in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President ____________ declared the third Monday in January a federal _______ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict segregation in all aspects of daily life. 5 In 1963 Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King was assassinated by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply mourned his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of ingratitude if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, January in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President Ronald Reagan declared the third Monday in January a federal ______ holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Fill in the gaps. 1 A lot of discrimination rules and laws remained until the second half of the 20th century. 2 In protest, the black of the city refused to ride city buses, as a result of which the bus company lost 70 percent of their income. The boycott lasted for 385 days. 3 King was a pastor of the Baptist church in Montgomery, which was a stronghold of racism. 4 Its blacks (one 3rd of the city's population) lived in the condition of the strict segregation in all aspects of daily life. 5 In 1963 Martin Luther King organized a march in Washington D. C in which Americans took part. King made a speech there, which he finished with his famous words: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin”. guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 6 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 guaranteed equal rights for Americans, including public facilities, voting and rights in public schools. 7 Doctor Martin Luther King was assassinated by a white man in The whole nation was shocked and deeply mourned his death. 8 He said: “History has thrust me into this position. It would be both immoral and a sign of ingratitude if I did not face my moral responsibility to do what I can in this struggle.” 9 On Monday, January in cities and towns across the county people celebrated the 1st official MLK Day, the only federal holiday commemorating African-American. 10 In 1986, President Ronald Reagan declared the third Monday in January a federal legal holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday.

Questions: 1 What has been one of the most important problems in American life for many years? 2 What provoked the African- Americans to refuse riding city buses? 3 How long did the boycott last? 4 What conditions did the Afro-Americans of Montgomery live in? 5 What did they hold the “sit-ins” for? 6 Who led The Civil Rights Movement in the USA? 7 When was a march in Washington D. C organized? 8 What were the results of the Civil Rights Movement? 9 Was King awarded The Nobel Peace Prize? 10 When was Martin Luther King assassinated? 11 Who declared a federal legal holiday commemorating Dr. Martin Luther King’s birthday? 12 When was the 1st official MLK Day marked?

Plan: 1 The relationship between the black and white races (discrimination rules and laws) 2 The Civil Rights Movement. (The Bus boycott, “Sit – ins”) 3 A march in Washington D. C ( , “I have a dream” speech) 4 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (equal rights for Americans) 5 Assassination 6 Martin Luther King’s birthday (Ronald Reagan, Monday January )