Joel Moody, MD, PhD, MPH Director of Safety, Risk, Policy and Innovation Why did the requirements for Arc Fault Circuit Interrupters in Dwellings Change? Electrical Distribution Fires in Ontario: AFCI Technology Will Reduce the Risk.

Who is ESA? 2 ESA is an Administrative Authority acting on behalf of the Government of Ontario with specific responsibilities under Part VIII of the Electricity Act, 1998 and the Safety and Consumer Statutes Administration Act,1996. ESA is responsible for administering regulation in four key areas Ontario Electrical Safety Code (Regulation 164/99); Licensing of Electrical Contractors and Master Electricians (Regulation 570/05); Distribution Safety (Regulation 22/04); and Product Safety (Regulation 438/07)

ESA’s Vision, Mission, Mandate Our Vision – long-term goal An Ontario where people can live, work and play safe from electrical harm. Our Mission – our purpose To improve electrical safety for the well-being of the people of Ontario. Our Mandate To promote and undertake activities which enhance public electrical safety including training, inspection, authorization, investigation, registration, enforcement, audit, and other regulatory and non-regulatory public electric safety quality assurance services. ESA Objects of Corporation, 1999 – 3

Do we need arc fault circuit interruption for residential dwellings? (C) The Electrical Safety Authority Conductors are often damaged during installation

(C) The Electrical Safety Authority Arc-Faults Arc-fault protection — a means of recognizing characteristics unique to both series and parallel arc-faults and de-energizing the circuit when an arc-fault is detected.

Magnitude of the Issue Source: OFMEM Data Fires with electricity as the fuel (C) The Electrical Safety Authority 20166

Magnitude of the Issue Residential Structures $291.4 Million Estimated Total Loss 469 Injuries Single Unit Dwellings $234.4 Million Estimated Total Loss 333 Injuries Multi Unit Dwellings $38.4 Million Estimated Total Loss 125 Injuries Source: OFMEM Data Fires with electricity as the fuel (C) The Electrical Safety Authority 20167

Ignition Source and Residence Type (C) The Electrical Safety Authority 2016 Ignition SourceSingle UnitsMulti-unit #%#% Circuit Wiring - Aluminum (including conductors) %121.2% Circuit Wiring - Copper (including conductors) % % Cord, Cable for Appliance, Electrical Articles % % Distribution Equipment (includes panel boards, fuses, circuits) % % Extension Cord, Temporary Wiring % % Meter 751.6%60.6% Other Electrical Distribution Item % % Service/Utility Lines (includes power/hydro transmission lines) %454.6% Terminations - Aluminum (includes receptacles, switches, lights) 962.0%161.6% Terminations - Copper (includes receptacles, switches, lights) %929.5% Transformer 210.4%262.7% Total %971100% Source: OFMEM Data Fires with electricity as the fuel 8

Area of Origin LocationGrand TotalPercentageCurrentProposal Living Area (e.g. living, T.V., recreation, etc) %NoYes Sleeping Area or Bedroom (inc. patient's room, dormitory, etc) %Yes Garage4136.7%NoYes Cooking Area or Kitchen4076.6%No Mechanical/Electrical Services room3826.2%NoYes Attic Area3455.6%NoYes Exterior Wall3095.0%NoYes Basement/cellar not partitioned2974.8%NoYes Laundry Area2604.2%NoYes Washroom or Bathroom (inc. toilet, rest/locker rooms)1662.7%No Concealed Ceiling Area1562.5%NoYes/No Concealed Wall Area1522.5%NoYes Crawl Space (includes sub-structure)1232.0%NoYes HVAC Equipment Room (furnace room, water heater closet, boiler)1121.8%NoYes Other Storage Area951.5%NoYes Other Functional Area941.5%NoYes Hallway, Corridor841.4%NoYes Other %Yes Source: OFMEM Data Fires with electricity as the fuel (C) The Electrical Safety Authority 20169

Current AFCI requirements (Receptacles) (C) The Electrical Safety Authority Basement

2016 AFCI requirements (Receptacles) (C) The Electrical Safety Authority Basement

Area of Origin Sleeping Area or Bedroom 800 fires 12.9% of residential electrical distribution fires Source: OFMEM Data Fires with electricity as the fuel (C) The Electrical Safety Authority

Area of Origin Living Area (e.g. living, T.V., recreation, etc) 855 fires 13.8% of residential electrical distribution fires Source: OFMEM Data Fires with electricity as the fuel (C) The Electrical Safety Authority

AFCI Potential Impact Living Area Six equipment types represent 81% of fires Conservative estimate 40% ≈ 342 fires Sleeping Area Six equipment types represent 86% of fires Conservative estimate 42% ≈ 336 fires (C) The Electrical Safety Authority

Fuses or Standard breakers don’t protect from Arcing Faults High Resistance Faults generate high heat Draw very low current Arc Fault Circuit Interrupters utilizes advanced electronic technology to “sense” the different arcing conditions. (C) The Electrical Safety Authority Arcing Faults

NEW AFCI BREAKERS Combination-type arc-fault circuit interrupter - A device that provides both series and parallel arc-fault protection to the entire branch circuit wiring, including cord sets and power supply cords connected to the outlets, against the unwanted effects of arcing. 16(C) The Electrical Safety Authority 2016

AFCI RECEPTACLES - New Outlet branch-circuit-type arc-fault circuit interrupter - A device that provides both series and parallel arc-fault protection to downstream branch circuit wiring, cord sets, and power supply cords against the unwanted effects of arcing and also provides series arc-fault protection to upstream branch circuit wiring. 17(C) The Electrical Safety Authority 2016

Questions 18(C) The Electrical Safety Authority 2016