Moment Arms of the Shoulder Musculature After Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty by David C. Ackland, Sasha Roshan-Zamir, Martin Richardson, and Marcus G. Pandy J Bone Joint Surg Am Volume 92(5): May 1, 2010 ©2010 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Diagram of the dynamic shoulder cadaver testing apparatus used to measure muscle moment arms. David C. Ackland et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2010;92: ©2010 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Coordinate systems of the scapula (A) and humerus (B) and associated digitized landmarks. David C. Ackland et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2010;92: ©2010 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Coronal-plane abduction and flexion moment arms of subregions of the deltoid, pectoralis major, and latissimus dorsi plotted against the abduction and flexion angle, respectively. David C. Ackland et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2010;92: ©2010 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Coronal-plane abduction and flexion moment arms of subregions of the subscapularis and teres major plotted against the abduction and flexion angle, respectively. David C. Ackland et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2010;92: ©2010 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.