Interplay between chiral and deconfinement phase transitions Hot and Cold Baryonic Matter, Budapest, Aug 15-19, 2010 Mei Huang IHEP, CAS TPCSF, CAS

2 Content I. Recent progress of QCD phase structure II.Chiral and deconfinement phase transitions in Polyakov-loop like models III. Results by using Dressed Polyakov loop IV.Discussion on locating CEP

3 I. Recent Progress of QCD phase structure

HM QGP CEP 1. The coincidence of chiral and deconfinement phase transitions has been assumed! 2. The phase diagram is based on results from chiral models! CEP is the end point of first order chiral phase transition of light quarks!

HM QGP CSC Abuki-Baym-Hatsuda-Yamamoto, arXiv: Darmstadt and Frankfurt CSC group, Phys.Rev.D72:034004,2005 High density part

6 Compact Star sQGP E. Shuryak, I. Zahed Pseudogap phase Hatsuda,Kunihiro After 2003 High T part

7 2007: Quarkyonic phase chiral symmetric but confined phase L. McLerran, R. Pisarski 2007 Phase diagram at large Nc Conditions: Large Nc Deconfined quark Fermi surface Particle-particle pairing is suppressed Particle-hole (color singlet) pairing dominant

8 HM QGP CSC Can “Quarkyonic” phase be realized in real QCD? Fukushima, Hatsuda, arXiv: HM QGP CSC

9 Notice: 1, Quarkyonic phase is a chiral symmetric but confined phase; 2, Chiral symmetric but confined phase does not only indicate quarkyonic phases; 2, Quarkyonic phase is a special phase at large Nc; 3, “Quarkyonic phase” has extended meaning, here indicates chiral symmetric but confined phase. More interests are attracted to the relation between chiral and deconfinement phase transitions

10 Lattice results on chiral and deconfinement phase transitions at zero mu Chiral limit: coincide Physical quark mass (2+1): RBC-Bielefeld: coincide Wuppertal-Budapest: (crossover feature) Notice: A chiral symmetric but confined region!

11 II. Chiral and deconfinement phase transitions in PNJL and PLSM

12 Chiral symmetric but confined phase in PLSM model H. Mao, J. Jin, MH, arXiv: , J.Phys.G37:035001,2010

13 Relation between chiral and deconfinement phase transitions in PNJL model Different choices of Polyakov potential: fixed by lattice QCD at finite T

14 Sasaki,Friman,Redlich, hep-ph/ Kenji Fukushima, arXiv: Chiral symmetry broken and deconfined / coincidence

15 In PNJL or PLSM model, at zero baryon density, whether chiral phase transition and deconfinement phase transition coincide or not depends much on parameters used. In these models, there are no real interplay between chiral phase transition and deconfinement phase transition.

16 III. Dressed Polyakov loop An equivalent order parameter for deconfinement phase transition: Gattringer,PRL97(2006) Bilgici et.al. PRD77(2008) Braun, Hass,Marhauser,Pawlowski, arXiv:

17 Order parameter of center symmetry 1: Polyakov loop Confinement: center symmetry Deconfinement: center symmetry breaking

18 Order parameter of center symmetry 2: Dressed Polyakov loop or dual chiral condensate Gattringer,PRL97(2006) n=1: dressed Polyakov loop Dressed Polyakov on lattice: Bilgici et.al. in DSE: Fischer et.al. Linking confinement to spectral properties of Dirac operator

19 The periodicity property of the quark fields change under the the gauge transformation Uz: Dual observables:

20 Dressed Polyakov loop in NJL model

21 Chiral limit: coincide T.Mukherjee, H.Chen, M.Huang, arXiv: ,PRD to appear

22 T.Mukherjee, H.Chen,M.Huang, arXiv: , PRD to appear Physical quark mass: crossover region 1st order:

23 Why for 1 st and 2 nd phase transition? T.Mukherjee, H.Chen,M.Huang, arXiv: ,PRD to appear

24 Why for crossover? T.Mukherjee, H.Chen,M.Huang, arXiv: ,PRD to appear

25 Nf=2+1 NJL model Fukun Xu, T.Mukherjee, M.Huang, in preparation

26 Main resuts: Physical quark mass: crossover region 1st order: Chiral and deconfinement phase transitions merge at CEP! Agrees with Wuppertal-Budapest lattice result

27 IV. Discussion on locating CEP

28 Phys.Rev.Lett.97:152303,2006 Proposal: Sufficient precise Experimental measurement of  /s to pinpoint the location of phase transitions or crossover.

29 1, Minimum at Tc, most difficult condition for momentum transportation. 2. The value of  /s at phase transition decreases with increases of coupling strength J.W Chen, MH, Y.H. Li, E. Nakano, D.L.Yang, Phys.Lett.B670:18-21,2008, arXiv:  /s characterizes phase transitions CJT+Boltzmann Eq

30 Lacey et al., PRL 98:092301,2007 Probe CEP by  /s

31 Dmitri Kharzeev, Kirill Tuchin arXiv: [hep-ph], F.Karsch, Dmitri Kharzeev, Kirill Tuchin arXiv: [hep-ph], Harvey Meyer arXiv: [hep-ph], However: large bulk viscosity of QCD matter near phase transition Pure gluodynamics 2-flavor case

32 Bulk viscosity/entropy density in PLSM H. Mao, J. Jin, M. Huang, arXiv: [hep-ph],JPG37

33 Dependence of bulk viscosity/entropy density on the order of phase transition: large for 1st order phase transition, small for crossover. Thus, bulk viscosity/entropy density is better than shear viscosity/entropy density to probe CEP. H. Mao, J. Jin, M. Huang, arXiv: [hep-ph], JPG37

34 AdS/CFT and Novel Approaches to Hadron and Heavy Ion Physics From To ,KITPC, Beijing Subprogram: to AdS/CFT, Dyson-Schwinger equations and hot-dense QCD matter Topics: Dyson-Schwinger equations QCD phase diagram RHIC physics AdS/CFT and its applications to QCD matter Invited lecturers: Keun-young Kim (University of Southampton) Hong Liu (MIT) Dam Thanh Son (INT, University of Washington) Peter C. Tandy (Kent State University) Konrad Tywoniuk (Santiago de Compostela University) Jochen Wambach (Technical University, Darmstadt ) Zhe Xu (Frankfurt University)

35 Thanks for your attention!