Date of download: 6/25/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Ability of Dorzolamide Hydrochloride and Timolol Maleate to Target Mitochondria in Glaucoma Therapy Arch Ophthalmol. 2011;129(1): doi: /archophthalmol Fragmentation of DNA as evaluated by the halo test. A, Fragmentation of DNA according to the nuclear spreading factor (ie, the ratio between the area of the external nuclear halo [red circle] and that of the inner nucleus [black circle]). B, Human trabecular meshwork endothelial cells unexposed (sham) and exposed to 25μM hydrogen peroxide by itself or in the presence of timolol maleate or dorzolamide hydrochloride (fluorescent microscopy, original magnification ×400). Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/25/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Ability of Dorzolamide Hydrochloride and Timolol Maleate to Target Mitochondria in Glaucoma Therapy Arch Ophthalmol. 2011;129(1): doi: /archophthalmol Inhibition of oxidative damage as induced by hydrogen peroxide in trabecular meshwork (TM) specimens by timolol maleate and dorzolomide hydrochloride. A, Histograms indicate mean (SD) 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) amounts in human TM fragments in the presence of 50μM (light blue columns) and 100μM hydrogen peroxide (dark blue columns). A significant antioxidant effect of dorzolamide and timolol is detected. B, Corresponding oxidative DNA damage (8-oxo-dG) as detected by phosphorus 32– postlabeling in human TM fragments collected from corneal donors under basal conditions or after exposure to hydrogen peroxide by itself or in the presence of dorzolamide and/or timolol. C, Fragments of TM as collected from ocular ring specimens removed from corneal donors. The pigmented black stripe (circled) containing the complete meshwork, from the Schwalbe line to the scleral spur and including the Schlemm canal and the pigmented band of the trabecular meshwork, was cut away and incubated with oxidizing agents in the presence or absence of dorzolamide and timolol. * P <.05 and ** P <.01 vs sham; † P <.05 and †† P <.01 vs hydrogen peroxide. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/25/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Ability of Dorzolamide Hydrochloride and Timolol Maleate to Target Mitochondria in Glaucoma Therapy Arch Ophthalmol. 2011;129(1): doi: /archophthalmol Fragmentation of DNA as evaluated by the halo test in trabecular meshwork fragments exposed to oxidative stress in the absence or presence of dorzolamide hydrochloride and/or timolol maleate. The histogram reports quantitative results expressed as mean (SD) nuclear spreading factor (NSF). Both drugs show an antioxidant activity on trabecular meshwork. These data confirm those previously obtained with analyzing by 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine formation. The vertical line conveys DNA as evaluated by the halo test calculating the NSF. * P <.05 and ** P <.01 vs sham; † P <.05 vs hydrogen peroxide. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 6/25/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Ability of Dorzolamide Hydrochloride and Timolol Maleate to Target Mitochondria in Glaucoma Therapy Arch Ophthalmol. 2011;129(1): doi: /archophthalmol Fragmentation of DNA as evaluated by the halo test in human trabecular meshwork cells exposed to oxidative stress (10μM and 25μM hydrogen peroxide concentration) in the absence or presence of dorzolamide hydrochloride and/or timolol maleate. Histogram reports quantitative mean (SD) results expressed as nuclear spreading factor (NSF). The vertical line conveys DNA fragmentation as evaluated by the halo test calculating the NSF. * P <.001 vs sham; † P <.05 and †† P <.001 vs 10μM hydrogen peroxide; § P <.05, and §§ P <.001 vs 25μM hydrogen peroxide. Figure Legend: