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 Puritanism dominant early in New England, but other Protestant churches start to form  The Anglican Church is rooted in the South  Catholics and Jews are few, but distrusted  Some religious leaders are concerned with the decline in piety and religion

3 Religious revival movement Evangelicism – “new birth” considered the ultimate religious experience Followers accepted that they were sinners and asked for salvation George Whitefield preaching

4 Churches that grew as a result of the Great Awakening: Presbyterianism, Methodism, Baptism (New Lights) Great Awakening challenged authority and hierarchy of established churches (Old Lights: Congregationalists and Anglicans) Great Awakening said that anybody could be converted and born again. You didn’t need traditional church leadership to decide whether or not you belonged.

 Famous preacher of “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”  Most famous and influential preacher of the Great Awakening (also very scary)

 Famous open air preacher of the revival- spoke to crowds as high as 30,000  Preached about the religious power of the common man

 Split denominations and created competitiveness among churches  Helped establish the revolutionary mindset and the willingness to challenge authority  Made religion personal and individual (different for each person)  Converted many women, gave women more power  Encouraged missionary work with slaves and women

 Led to the creation of new light colleges: Dartmouth, Brown, Rutgers, College of New Jersey (Princeton), King’s College (Columbia), Brown

 Philosophical movement that focused on Reason and Science as the means to achieve progress and improve society  Enlightenment also worked to undermine and challenge traditional authority  Science and Reason could compete with religion and faith

 His enlightenment ideas were very important in challenging British authority  The right to rebel and the contract theory of government  Natural rights: life, liberty, property

 The Social Contract  Wrote that government is formed by consent (agreement) of people  People make their own laws

 Wrote that three types of political power:  Executive  Legislative  Judicial …should be separated into different branches of the government to protect the people and stop any branch from abusing its power. (checks and balances)

 A great American thinker of The Enlightenment

 More focus on Education  Technological and medical advancements in America  Contributed to important principles in our founding documents (Declaration, Constitution)

 They help to create the attitude necessary for the Revolution  Challenging Authority  Help the colonists to create their own unique societies and character (different from England)