Digestive System Chapter 24 Human Anatomy and Physiology Auburn High School

The big ideas Your food could move through your GI tract against gravity! Food it first INgested, then DIgested, then ABSORBED or ELIMINATED. Digestion occurs mechanically and chemically at every stage. Digestive system=gastrointestinal (GI) tract and accessory digestive organs

Part 1: The GI Tract GI-Gastrointestinal Mouth __________ ____________ Stomach ___________ Large Intestine (colon) ____________ Anus

(Part 1: The GI Tract) Mouth-Ingest means to put in mouth _________ Digestion= __________ Chewing food Moving food with tongue Forming bolus (lump) with food __________Digestion Glands in lips, cheeks, palate and tongue secrete saliva- starts to dissolve food Enzymes in saliva begin breaking down carbohydrates(CHOs)

(Part 1: The GI Tract) Esophagus Food enters through upper esophageal sphincter _________- longitudinal and circular muscles contract to move food toward stomach Enters stomach through lower esophageal sphincter right after passing through

(Part 1: The GI Tract) Stomach Holding tank: _________________________ _____________________ Mechanical digestion: Continues the digestion of _______ started in mouth Chemical digestion Begins digestion of _____and _______with _______enzyme in stomach (can only work in acid) Turns food bolus into liquid (______) Chyme slowly released into sm. int. through _____________

(Part 1: The GI Tract) Small Intestine Mechanical Digestion Smooth muscle mixes Smooth muscle moves food toward edges for absorption Chemical Digestion Helped with chemicals from _____ and ________ ____________ for the first time!! CHOs throughout the ______________ Protein mainly in ___________ and _______ Fat ___________– fat soluble vitamins too! Water absorbed here and in large intestine- water sol. vitamins Out through the ileocecal sphincter…

(Part 1: The GI Tract) The Large Intestine (colon) Mechanical digestion- Multidirectional ___________churn and move chyme along Chemical digestion ____________decompose CHO, fat and some parts of protein Absorption Some _______absorbed here Water and water soluble ____________absorbed And OUT through the rectum and anus-smooth muscle contraction and sphincter relaxation

Part 2: Accessory organs Teeth Tongue Salivary Glands Liver Gall Bladder Pancreas

(Part 2: Accessory organs) Teeth Mechanical digestion by MASTICATION Tongue MASTICATION-moves food around to form bolus Chemical digestion- secrets saliva

(Part 2: Accessory organs) Salivary Glands Submandibular and parotid Others in lips, palate and tongue Secrete ________ _______breakdown enzyme-____________________ Water to dissolve food so it can be __________ Lubricates movement of food in mouth

(Part 2: Accessory organs) Liver and gall bladder Secrete ______into small intestine-part waste, part digestive juice Breaks down _____for absorption Stores extra ________in body Turns ammonia from protein into urea (urine component)

(Part 2: Accessory organs) Pancreas Drops enzymes into ________to digest CHO, protein, and fat