Methods of Training

Methods of training On-the-job Training Coaching Job Instruction Training Job Rotation Mentoring Apprenticeship Off-the-job Training Lectures Group Discussion Brainstorming Electronic Training Simulation Role Playing InternshipTraining Case Study

A) On the job training When the employees are trained while they are performing the job it is called On-the-job training. Under this method the employees learn by doing. The employees can learn the practical problems while working on the job.

1) Job rotation The job rotation refers to transfer of managers from one job to another or from one department to another or from one selection to another in a planned manner. The manager will learn new ideas and gain new information underlying various jobs. It will motivate him and help him acquire comprehensive knowledge and skills.

2) Apprenticeship Apprenticeship is a formal agreement between an individual who wants to learn a skill and a employer who needs a skilled worker. Apprenticeship training is an “ earning while learning”. Training occurs under the supervision of an experienced person; an apprentice receives knowledge and develops skills associated with a designated trade through on-the-job training.

3) Coaching Coaching is an activity of guiding a manager by senior one. A senior manager must play an active role in guiding and teaching skills. He tells him how to do a job and correct the errors. A senior manager is referred to as a coach. This is a method of learning by doing. A feedback is also taken by the coach.

4) Mentoring Mentoring is about teaching and learning. Mentoring is a relationship in which a senior manager in an organizations assumes the responsibility for grooming a junior person. Mentoring is done by someone inside the company It is one to one interaction It helps in identifying weaknesses and focus on the area that needs improvement.

5) Job Instruction Training JIT is a procedure for training employees one- on-one. A basic job instruction procedure consists of the trainer demonstrating the task while the trainee observes, the trainee performing the task again with coaching from the trainer and the trainee performing the task without coaching but immediate feedback.

B) Off the job training Off the job training means training the employees by taking them away from their work position which means employees are given a break from the job and sent for training.

1) Group Discussion It is a form of conversation in which several members of a group participate and express their views . Each member expresses his opinion on the subject which is announced at the time . The trainer conducts a group discussion with the purpose of solving a problem, getting feedback, sharing experiences and exchanging the ideas

2) BrAINSTORMING It means group of five or ten members sitting on round table. It works by focusing on a problem and then deliberately coming up with as many solutions as possible and by pushing the ideas as far as possible. Free wheeling of ideas is welcomed. Pressure is for quantity not for quality. Quality can always be judged at end.

3) Lectures The concepts, ideas, theories, principles are explained through lectures. The speaker is an expert who collects the material and delivers a lecture to the trainee executives. It is a direct, time saving, low in cost method of explaining and presenting a viewpoint on any problem or subject to the trainees.

4) Electronic training It includes sophisticated computer technology. Members types their suggestions on the computer screen and responses are displayed on the projection screen.

5) Internship training In internship training, educational institutions and business firms have a joint programme of training. Selected candidates carry on regular studies for the prescribed period. They also work in some factory or office to acquire practical knowledge and skills. This method helps to provide a good balance between theory and practice. It is used in professional courses e.g. MBBS, C.A etc.

6) ROLE PLAYING It is a method of human interaction that involves realistic behaviour in imaginary situation. Role playing involves action, doing and practice. The trainees play the role of certain characters eg. A trainee can broaden his experience by trying the different approaches/ roles, while in actual practice, he often has only one role to play

7) CASE STUDY Under this technique the cases based on actual business situations are prepared and given to trainee managers for discussion and arriving at a proper decision. Managers are given opportunity to find out the latent problems and suggest the alternatives to tackle them. The selection of the best alternative solution trainees have to suggest. This technique helps in improving the decision making skills by making analytical judgement.

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