Topography, Latitude & Longitude 1.A 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.D 11.C 12.A Natural Resources 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.B 11.D 12.D Density 1.B 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.D 12.C 13.C 14.A 15.A 16.C 17.B

SOL REVIEW….Natural Resources, Density and Mapping Read each fact carefully and then be prepared to answer the questions that follow NO TALKING GIVE THIS YOUR TOTAL ATTENTION HERE WE GO

DENSITY Density is the relationship between mass and volume To find the density of an object: D=m/v Things that are less dense than water will: FLOAT….like ice in a glass of tea or like The planet Saturn in a bathtub Things that settle (drop) through water the fastest are the densest Volume is the amount of space an object occupies Warm Air is less dense and rises, that’s why a hot air balloon rises Cold Air is dense and sinks Salt water is denser than water The density of water is ONE To find the volume of an object you can’t measure, you use the water displacement method If you have a object that can be measured you use this formula to find the volume: V= length x width x height Volume= 4.5 – 3.0 Volume = 1.5

Can you answer the following questions? What is the latitude and longitude of L? 30°W, 5° S5°S, 30°W What is the density of a rock which has a mass of 35 grams and a volume of 7.0 cubic centimeters? As water cools from 4°C to 0°C, its density increases decreases remains the same What is the volume of the box below? What is the density of the box in the picture if the volume is 150 and the mass is 450? If a cube were cut into 4 smaller cubes, the density of one of the small cubes, compared to that of the original cube, would be ¼ as great the same four times as great 1/16 as great

Lines of longitude run vertically and are measured east and west of the prime meridian Lines of latitude run horizontally and are measured north and south of the equator MAPPING Latitude is always listed first when reading latitude & longitude Topographic maps show differences in the elevation of the Earth’s surface Contour lines that are close together indicate steep elevation, a hill or mountain Benchmarks are located on the tops of mountains or hills that tell the exact elevation Hactures or tick marks are used to show volcanic craters, sinkholes You should know how to read a topo map and pick out its profile Contour lines already marked with an elevation are called index contours Streams…contour lines that cross over the stream will bend into a “V” shape..The “V” points upstream, where the stream began TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING Contour lines connect points of equal elevation

What is the contour interval of this topo map? Mill River flows in which direction? southeastsouthwestnortheastnorthwest What is the elevation of point Z? Which profile best represents the profile along line XY?

NATURAL RESOURCES Renewable Nonrenewable These include coal, oil, natural gas and minerals are those that when used up, are replaced in a reasonable amount of time Examples of renewable resources are sunlight, water, and wood are the fossil fuels that, when used, take millions of years to be replenished Virginia’s Natural Resources include coal, gravel for road construction and limestone for making concrete Advantages…cheap and easy to use Disadvantages…When burning fossil fuels they cause pollution and acid rain Advantages…do NOT cause pollution Disadvantages…are expensive to use Fossil fuels make up more than ¾ of our energy consumption Hydroelectric…Dams destroy ecosystems of animals Wind farms---energy source is not dependable Solar---least harmful effect on the environment but costly The negative side of using alternative energy sources

Can you answer the following questions? What does nonrenewable mean? Takes a short time to formTakes millions of years to form Can never be replaced Burns without causing pollution What is the most abundant natural resource in Virginia? CoalLimestoneGravelGranite Hybrid cars will cut down on which of the following? Carbon dioxideCarbon monoxideHydrogenNitrogen Which contributes to the least amount of pollution? Nuclear energyCoal Solar Wind Which of the following is NOT a renewable resource? Trees WaterPetroleumBiomass What makes solar energy unreliable? Sometimes unavailable Not enough sunshine to power houses Cannot always save/convert it