By Torben. Acids – Prior Knowledge? Record at least the ones you weren’t sure of 1.What is an acid? 2.What determines if an acid is strong or weak? 3.What.

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Presentation transcript:

By Torben

Acids – Prior Knowledge? Record at least the ones you weren’t sure of 1.What is an acid? 2.What determines if an acid is strong or weak? 3.What determines if an acid is concentrated or dilute? 4.Examples of strong acids? 5.Examples of weak acids? 6.Describe the pH scale? 7.What are indicators? 8.How do they work (just the basic idea)? 9.Give examples of indicators with colour changes 10.What is a base? Is it the same as an alkali? 11.What is a salt?

Notes – using the specification to guide us

Last year many students lost loads of marks on observations during the coursework. This is your chance to prevent that. Record your observations as if you were completing coursework. We can then learn from our mistakes (hopefully) Last year many students lost loads of marks on observations during the coursework. This is your chance to prevent that. Record your observations as if you were completing coursework. We can then learn from our mistakes (hopefully)

Step 1 - observations Hydrochloric acid + Copper (II) oxide ethanoic acid + Copper (II) oxide

Step 2 - observations Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide ethanoic acid + sodium hydroxide

Step 3 - observations Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide then indicator then excess Hydrochloric acid ethanoic acid + sodium hydroxide then indicator then excess ethanoic acid

Step 4 - observations Hydrochloric acid + calcium carbonate acid + calcium carbonate

Step 5 - observations Hydrochloric acid + magnesium acid + magnesium

Key Facts Give the formulae for each of these acids –Sulfuric, Nitric, hydrochloric Give the formulae of each of these –Sodium hydroxide, ammonia, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate

Handy Memory Aids 1.Acid + metal → 2.Acid + metal oxide → 3.Acid + metal hydroxide → 4.Acid + metal carbonate → 5.Acid + metal hydrogen carbonate → What are likely observations for each of the above?

pH A student has a solution of 1 mol dm -3 hydrochloric acid Suggest a likely pH How might the pH change if we add water How might the pH change if we add NaOH

Some Common ions CationsAnions

Some Common ions CationsAnions Roman numerals

Balanced Equations to Complete Work out balanced equations for these reactions Copper (II) oxide + hydrochloric acid Sodium hydroxide + sulfuric acid Calcium carbonate + nitric acid Ammonia + sulfuric acid Copper (II) carbonate + ethanoic acid (CH 3 COOH)

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Draw a diagram to show A solution of a strong concentrated acid.

Draw a diagram to show A solution of a weak dilute acid.

Draw a diagram to show A solution of a strong dilute acid.

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Answers are behind this

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Work out this empirical formula A 5g sample of the hydrated form of cobalt chloride was found to be made up of the following: CoClHO 1.24g1.49g0.25g2.02g

Hydrated Salts calculations Another Type – Experimental

From experimental data Work out the number of moles of anhydrous salt. Work out the number of moles of water driven off. Work out the ratio moles salt : moles water

Syllabus Ticking

Then tackle the questions at the bottom of the sheet

Anhydrous and Hydrated Salts P26-27 orange book