Nouns SUTHERLAND HIGH SCHOOL

Nouns are:  People  Places  Things

Types of Nouns: 1. Common Nouns 2. Proper Nouns 3. Collective Nouns 4. Abstract Nouns 5. Pronouns

1. Common Nouns  Are names given to ordinary objects.  Common nouns are usually identified by the, a, or an preceding them: the sea, a fly, an orange.  They follow possessive adjectives: his book, her bag, its tail  They do not begin with capital letters unless they start a sentence: Books are found in libraries.  They are usually the first words taught in any language: table, chair, book

 There are sets of common nouns: fruits – apricots, bananas, cherries  There are phrases that contain two common nouns: the roof of a house, the hair of the girl  There are common nouns that partner one another: horse and carriage, fish and chips  Common nouns reflect what people are: doctor, teacher  A noun has a gender and is either masculine (prince), feminine (princess), common (teacher) or neuter (book).  Two nouns together, are known as compound nouns: hand + bag = handbag book + shelf = bookshelf Common Nouns

2. Proper Nouns  A proper noun is a specific name of a place, a person, or a thing. The first letter of a proper noun is always represented by a capital letter.

Proper Nouns  Proper nouns are the names given to:  Persons  Places  Days  Months  Ideologies and educational subjects are written with capital letters in order to accord them respect e.g. Anthropology, Philosophy, History, English

Proper Nouns  Titles of books, films, songs and plays are Proper Nouns and always begin with a Capital Letters e.g. One More River by Lynne Reid  If a common noun forms part of the name, the first letter of both nouns must be capitalised  E.g. Saunders Street, the Danube River

Proper Nouns

3. Collective Nouns  A Collective Noun is the name of a collection or a group of objects, people or creatures: a flight of stairsa gaggle of geesea string of pearls  A collective noun is a descriptive way of saying ‘lots of…’  We may use the collective noun without the noun to which it refers:  The Staff (of teachers) was unanimous in its decision.

Examples of Collective Nouns

4. Abstract Nouns  Abstract Nouns are nouns that you cannot see, hear, touch, smell or taste. They are ideas, qualities, and feelings that cannot be seen or touched. Responsibility Fairness Justice

Identify Abstract Nouns:  You can give ‘it’ to someone, but not in a box: She gave her son love and he responded with respect and obedience.

Abstract Nouns may be formed from other parts of speech. VERBADVERBADJECTIVEABSTRACT NOUN I…He did it…The…boy/girlA, an, the … ImagineImaginativelyimaginativeimagination enthuseenthusiasticallyenthusiasticenthusiasm

5. Pronouns  The pronoun performs a similar function to the noun.  We use pronouns to avoid repetition.  Joan plays the piano. She practices it daily.  Pronouns will change depending on their usage either as a subject or an object.

Pronouns PERSONPERSONAL subject PRONOUNS object POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES SINGULAR 1 st PersonImeminemy 2 nd Personyou yoursyour 3 rd Person (m) hehimhis 3 rd Person (f)sheherhersher 3 rd Person (n) itItits PLURAL 1 st Personweusoursour 2 nd Personyou yoursyour 3 rd Persontheythemtheirstheir m=masculine f= feminine n= neuter

Types of Pronouns 1. Personal Pronouns: refer to people or things 2. Possessive Pronouns: indicate ownership 3. Reflexive Pronouns: reflect back to the noun or pronoun (ending with self or selves- herself, himself) 4. Interrogative Pronouns: interrogate or ask questions 5. Demonstrative Pronouns: paint out a specific person or thing (this, that, these, those