Industrial Revolution A technological Revolution (but political & social too!) Shift in production from hand to machines started in England Pos  new inventions Neg  rich and poor, urban (fire/poverty), environmental Centered in Cities Symbol = (Manu) Factories Why in England?... Natural Resources, Favorable Geography, Good banking system New Class = landless, wage earning city dwelling, factory working poor people, known as …Proletariat

Metals, Woolens, & Canals

Coalfields & Industrial Areas

18c British Port

“Gin Lane” William Hogarth 1751

New Inventions: Textiles Cotton Gin Spinning Wheel, Jenny, Mule Power Loom Sewing Machine (Isaac Singer) New Inventions: Steam Engine Thomas Newcombe James Watt Robert Fulton George Stephenson (The Rocket) Isambard Kingdom Brunell Samuel Morse

Isambard Kingdom Brunel

British Coin Portraying a Factory, 1812

Textile Factory Workers in England

The Power Loom

Young “ Bobbin-Doffers ”

James Watt ’ s Steam Engine

Steam Tractor

Steam Ship

An Early Steam Locomotive

The Impact of the Railroad

Later Locomotives

express, express line backtrack just the ticket fast track railroaded derailed make the grade don't/to get sidetracked on the wrong track on the right track One-track mind off track living on the wrong side of the tracks whistle stop tour Letting off steam popping off blowing smoke blowing your stack tunnel vision light at the end of the tunnel streamlined depot keeping/staying on track bells and whistles. that's the ticket chugging along hell on wheels Sabotage Railroad terms we use all the time:

“ The Great Land Serpent ”

Crystal Palace Exhibition: 1851 Exhibitions of the new industrial utopia.

Crystal Palace: Interior Exhibits

Crystal Palace: British Ingenuity on Display

19 c Bourgeoisie: The Industrial Nouveau Riche

Criticism of the New Bourgeoisie

Industrial Staffordshire

Problems of Pollution The Silent Highwayman

Worker Housing in Manchester

Factory Workers at Home

Young Coal Miners

Child Labor in the Mines Child “hurriers”

The Factory System × Rigid schedule. × hour day. × Dangerous conditions. × Mind-numbing monotony.

The Life of the New Urban Poor: A Dickensian Nightmare!

Private Charities: Soup Kitchens

The Wealth of Nations (1776)

There, there it is again—the invisible hand of the marketplace giving us the finger.

The Socialists: Utopians & Marxists × People as a society would operate and own the means of production, not individuals. × Their goal was a society that benefited everyone, not just a rich, well-connected few. × Tried to build perfect communities [utopias].

Industrialization By 1850

Railroads on the Continent