INFORMATION DEVELOPED BY; JENNIFER EVERTS Persuasive Speaking

What is Persuasive Speech? Persuasive speaking demands that you  Induce your audience to believe as you do.  Influence your audience in order to cause some sort of directed action to take place. Persuasive speaking uses both  Logical persuasion and  Emotional persuasion to get an audience to agree.

What is Persuasive Speech? A skilled persuasive speaker understands  Audience analysis  Which is an evaluation of the audiences feelings about the message.  They must always be ready to make adjustments to get the audience on their side.

Analyzing the Audience Get to know the people who will be listening to you.  How old are they?  What is their economic status?  Will most of them be male or female?  What about political or religious views?  How many will be in attendance?  How many are in favor of your position?  How many are against your position?

Analyzing the Audience What does the supportive audience look like?  Friendly?  They like you and what you say?  Laughter, hugs, and handshakes come easily with this audience?  The speaker should  Take the time to present the material thoroughly.  Keep the audience excited about you and your objectives.

Analyzing the Audience What does an uncommitted audience look like?  Completely neutral?  Waiting to be convinced?  Unbiased?  The speaker should  Be specific  Provide the necessary information to bring the audience to your side  Present the argument clearly and persuasively  Support the argument with solid information

Analyzing the Audience What is unbiased?  Objective  Not pro nor con to either side of the argument.

Analyzing the Audience What does an indifferent audience look like?  Apathetic toward you.  Openly bored.  Could be a captive audience.  The speaker should  Offer different approach if audience remains unresponsive.  Show the audience how the message is applicable to them.  Get the audiences attention.

Analyzing the Audience What is a captive audience?  This audience is often being forced to attend.  May not believe what you are saying is relevant to them.  The speaker must grab their attention.

Analyzing the Audience What does an opposed audience look like?  Hostile to you and/or what you are promoting.  Feels no warmth toward the speaker.  Feels no sympathy toward speaker’s feelings or cause.  May need to see some compromise.  Needs a disclaimer.

Opposed Audience (cont.) The speaker should  Attempt to determine specifically what their audience is hostile about  Work with the audience to clear up that specific issue.  Let the audience know that speaker see the merit in some of their arguments.  Let the audience know that the speaker is not perfect.  Use a disclaimer.  Avoid needless confrontation.  Create a situation where there are no winners or losers.

Analyzing the Audience What is compromise?  Making concessions.  Letting them know you see merit in their arguments.

Analyzing the Audience What is a disclaimer?  Tells the audience what you are not saying.  Tells the audience that the speaker is not an expert with all the answers.

Appealing to the Audience Logical appeal  Appealing to the intellect of your audience by offering a clearly defined speech that contains solid reasoning and valid evidence.  Be organized.  Offer proof.

Appealing to the Audience Emotional appeal (pathos)  Appealing to people’s feelings of love, anger, disgust, fear, compassion, patriotism, etc.  Audience’s reaction is often based on the speakers emotion.

Appealing to the Audience Personal appeal (ethos)  The audience will buy what the speaker is selling because they trust the speaker’s credibility – believability.  Honesty – people are attracted to…. Integrity Reputation Sincerity  Competency – often means Credentials or qualifications Composure Calm, controlled manner of speaking

Appealing to the Audience United appeal  The combination of a logical appeal, an emotional appeal, and a personal appeal.

Questions? What are some examples of the various audience issues that you can think of? How would you appeal to an audience if you were trying to convince them to support a school activity? What makes audience analysis so hard to determine?

Your Voice and Body as Tools Students are natural persuaders? Academic elements of persuasion; Body language Articulation Pronunciation Pitch speed Pauses Volume Quality variance You must use strategy?

1 st Assignment! One Builds on the other! 1. From the list given I would like you to select a persuasive topic that you would like to present. If nothing looks good pick one of your own and discuss with me. 2. Divide into groups of 4-5 and each of you present it to your group members to discuss and generate ideas for persuasion. You should take notes on suggestions given. 3. You will then present your arguments to the class. They will give you feedback/ideas on how to improve your arguments.

2 nd Assignment Using the topic you have chosen you will now prepare and present a persuasive speech of a minimum of 5 minutes and a maximum of 10 minutes. Use outline form for your notes. Your peers will give you feedback on the speech based on  Delivery  Persuasiveness.