Inorganic Nomenclature Write the name of the cation. If the anion is an element, change its ending to -ide; if the anion is a polyatomic ion, simply write.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Advertisements

A Systematic Approach to Naming Chemical Compounds

© 2009, Prentice-Hall, Inc. Periodic Table Nonmetals are on the right side of the periodic table (with the exception of H).

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions. Atomic Theory of Matter The theory that atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter reemerged in the early.

Classifying Binary Compounds

Unit 4 Bonding Nomenclature: How to Name Compounds the “Chemistry Way”

Nomenclature. Naming Compounds Binary Compounds - composed of two elements 1. Contain a metal and a nonmetal 2. Contain two nonmetals.

Chemical Nomenclature  The first names for chemicals were common names: – Sugar, quicklime, Epsom salts, milk of magnesia, gypsom, laughing gas – Simple,

Teacher: Dr. Van Der Sluys

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Types of Formulas Structural formulas show the order in which atoms are bonded. Perspective drawings also show the three-dimensional.

Chapter 5: Nomenclature Chemistry 1020: Interpretive chemistry Andy Aspaas, Instructor.

Do Elements exist?. Periodicity When one looks at the chemical properties of elements, one notices a repeating pattern of reactivity.

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions FAYETTEVILLE STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL.

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions AP Chapter 2 Part 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Symbols of Elements Elements are symbolized by one or two letters.

Chapter 4. Binary compounds-contain 2 elements 1) metal w/ charge and non-metal (Type I) 2) Transition metal and non-metal (Type II) 3) two non-metals.

Chemical Formulas The subscript to the right of the symbol of an element tells the number of atoms of that element in one molecule of the compound.

Molecules, Compounds, and Formulas. COMPOUNDS COMPOUNDS are a combination of 2 or more elements in definite ratios by mass. The character of each element.

Naming Inorganic Compounds

UNIT 1 REVIEW TIER 3 Name and write the formulas for binary ionic compounds Name and write the formulas for covalent compounds Name and write the formulas.

Naming Molecules Covalent Compounds.

Nomenclature. Chemical Formulas The subscript to the right of the symbol of an element tells the number of atoms of that element in one molecule of the.

Naming Polyatomic Ions and Acids. Oxyanions Oxyanions- negative ions containing oxygen. These have the suffix “-ate” or “-ite” “-ate” means it has more.

Sharing is Caring.  Make a web that includes the 3 types of bonds we’ve discussed – Ionic, Covalent, and Metallic.

CHEMICAL FORMULA WRITING & NAMING OF COMPOUNDS.

Ch. 3: Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations (Part I) Dr. Namphol Sinkaset Chem 200: General Chemistry I.

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Lecture Presentation © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

SAMPLE EXERCISE 2.1 Illustrating the Size of an Atom The diameter of a U.S. penny is 19 mm. The diameter of a silver atom, by comparison, is only 2.88.

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions © 2009, Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chapter 5 and 6: Atomic Structure and Chemical Names and Formulas.

Covalent Bonding Sec. 8.2: Naming Molecules.

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions 1. Molecules and Molecular Compounds A diatomic molecule is a molecule that is made up of two atoms A molecular formula.

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions James F. Kirby Quinnipiac University Hamden, CT (Modified by E.Schneider, LHS, 2015) Lecture Presentation © 2015 Pearson.

Molecules Molecule – two or more atoms covalently bound together Diatomic molecule – two of the same atom bound together.

Christopher G. Hamaker, Illinois State University, Normal IL © 2008, Prentice Hall Chapter 5 Language of Chemistry INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY INTRODUCTORY.

Chapter 5: Nomenclature Chemistry 1020: Interpretive chemistry Andy Aspaas, Instructor.

Naming Polyatomic Ions and Acids

Naming Chemical Compounds Chemical Nomenclature From the Latin: Nomen – name calare – to call 10 million known chemicals.

Names & Formulas of Ionic Compounds Ionic compounds are named using the names of the ions that compose them. To name an ionic compound: Cation name followed.

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Atomic Theory of Matter.

Binary Hydrogen Compounds Oxysalts + H 2 O  Oxyacids.

Salts Containing Polyatomic Ions Acids Oxyacids HW: Read 4-4 &4-6 Do problems 32, 34, 47, & 48 on pgs

Section 4: Naming Molecular Compounds and Acids

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions © 2009, Prentice-Hall, Inc. Ionic Bonds Ionic compounds (such as NaCl) are generally formed between metals and nonmetals.

Nomenclature Unit 3. Naming Binary Compounds Naming Compounds That Contain a Metal and a Nonmetal Binary Ionic compound: the metal loses one or more.

 Objectives  Derive formula units based on the charges of ions.  Name binary ionic compounds.

Monatomic Ions Ions formed from a single atom Written as (E 2+ ) or (E 2- ) Change ending to -ide.

Naming Molecules Objectives: AHSGE Reading 4.3 Discern organizational patterns. 3.1 Utilizing electron configurations, Lewis dot structures, and orbital.

Acids! Reality versus Myth!. General Characteristics Electrolyte Aqueous solution has sour taste Change color of indicator Indicator: organic acid or.

Bell Ringer 1. Provide the Products for the following reactions: a.HNO 3 + Ca(OH) 2  b.LiOH + H 3 PO 4  c.HC 2 H 3 O 2 + NaOH  2. What acid was used.

Naming Acids and Bases. Bases contain an OH group C 6 H 12 O 6 does not have an OH group If an OH group is present it will be clearly indicated: e.g.

Covalent and Acid Naming Chapter 9. Covalent Naming Covalent compounds are compounds with ONLY non-metals. Covalent bonds form by SHARING electrons. 1.Write.

Chapter 4 “Chemical Names and Formulas” Modified and adapted from Pre-AP Chemistry Charles Page High School Stephen L. Cotton H2OH2O.

 Type III  two nonmetals but no polyatomic ions  Name the elements as you see them in the formula  The last element has –ide for an ending  Each.

Specific rules are used when naming binary molecular compounds, binary acids, and oxyacids. Section 2: Naming Molecules K What I Know W What I Want to.

Recap As we go through the following questions, write down the topics that you are having trouble with and then when you come in for extra help, you know.

 Acid  A compound that produces hydrogen ions (H + ) when dissolved in water  An ionic compound Cation = H + Anion = monatomic or polyatomic ions Only.

Covalent Bonds and Molecular Geometry

Chemical Nomenclature

Sample Exercise 2.2 Determining the Number of Subatomic Particles in Atoms How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in (a) an atom of 197Au; (b) an.

Lecture 39 – Lecture 40 Naming Molecules Ozgur Unal

Naming Inorganic Compounds

Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules and Ions

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Patterns in Oxyanion Nomenclature (3 of 3)

Naming Polyatomic Ions and Acids

Presentation transcript:

Inorganic Nomenclature Write the name of the cation. If the anion is an element, change its ending to -ide; if the anion is a polyatomic ion, simply write the name of the polyatomic ion. If the cation can have more than one possible charge, write the charge as a Roman numeral in parentheses.

Patterns in Oxyanion Nomenclature When there are two oxyanions involving the same element: –The one with fewer oxygens ends in -ite. NO 2 − : nitrite ; SO 3 2− : sulfite –The one with more oxygens ends in -ate. NO 3 − : nitrate; SO 4 2− : sulfate

Patterns in Oxyanion Nomenclature The one with the second fewest oxygens ends in -ite. –ClO 2 − : chlorite The one with the second most oxygens ends in -ate. –ClO 3 − : chlorate

Patterns in Oxyanion Nomenclature The one with the fewest oxygens has the prefix hypo- and ends in -ite. –ClO − : hypochlorite The one with the most oxygens has the prefix per- and ends in -ate. –ClO 4 − : perchlorate

Sample Exercise 2.11 Determining the Formula of an Oxyanion form Its Name Based on the formula for the sulfate ion, predict the formula for (a) the selenate ion and (b) the selenite ion. (Sulfur and selenium are both members of group 6A and form analogous oxyanions.) Solution (a) The sulfate ion is SO 4 2–. The analogous selenate ion is therefore SeO 4 2–. (b) The ending -ite indicates an oxyanion with the same charge but one O atom fewer than the corresponding oxyanion that ends in -ate. Thus, the formula for the selenite ion is SeO 3 2–.

The formula for the bromate ion is analogous to that for the chlorate ion. Write the formula for the hypobromite and perbromate ions. Practice Exercise

Answer: BrO – and BrO 4 –

Acid Nomenclature If the anion in the acid ends in -ide, change the ending to -ic acid and add the prefix hydro-. –HCl: hydrochloric acid –HBr: hydrobromic acid –HI: hydroiodic acid

Acid Nomenclature If the anion in the acid ends in -ite, change the ending to -ous acid. –HClO: hypochlorous acid –HClO 2 : chlorous acid

Acid Nomenclature If the anion in the acid ends in -ate, change the ending to -ic acid. –HClO 3 : chloric acid –HClO 4 : perchloric acid

Sample Exercise 2.14 Relating the Names and Formulas of Acids Name the following acids: (a) HCN, (b) HNO 3, (c) H 2 SO 4, (d) H 2 SO 3. Solution (a) The anion from which this acid is derived is CN –, the cyanide ion. Because this ion has an -ide ending, the acid is given a hydro- prefix and an -ic ending: hydrocyanic acid. Only water solutions of HCN are referred to as hydrocyanic acid: The pure compound, which is a gas under normal conditions, is called hydrogen cyanide. Both hydrocyanic acid and hydrogen cyanide are extremely toxic. (b) Because is the nitrate NO 3 – ion, HNO 3 is called nitric acid (the - ate ending of the anion is replaced with an -ic ending in naming the acid). (c) Because SO 4 2– is the sulfate ion, H 2 SO 4 is called sulfuric acid. (d) Because SO 3 2– is the sulfite ion, H 2 SO 3 is sulfurous acid (the -ite ending of the anion is replaced with an -ous ending).

Give the chemical formulas for (a) hydrobromic acid, (b) carbonic acid. Practice Exercise

Answer: (a) HBr, (b) H 2 CO 3

Nomenclature of Binary Compounds The less electronegative atom is usually listed first. A prefix is used to denote the number of atoms of each element in the compound (mono- is not used on the first element listed, however).

Nomenclature of Binary Compounds The ending on the more electronegative element is changed to -ide. –CO 2 : carbon dioxide –CCl 4 : carbon tetrachloride

Nomenclature of Binary Compounds If the prefix ends with a or o and the name of the element begins with a vowel, the two successive vowels are often elided into one. N 2 O 5 : dinitrogen pentoxide

Sample Exercise 2.15 Relating the Names and Formulas of Binary Molecular Compounds Name the following compounds: (a) SO 2, (b) PCl 5, (c) N 2 O 3. Give the chemical formula for (a) silicon tetrabromide, (b) disulfur dichloride. Answer: (a) SiBr 4, (b) S 2 Cl 2 Practice Exercise Solution The compounds consist entirely of nonmetals, so they are molecular rather than ionic. Using the prefixes in Table 2.6, we have (a) sulfur dioxide, (b) phosphorus pentachloride, and (c) dinitrogen trioxide.