Company LOGO Company LOGO Module 3: NOMENCLATURE IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Lecturer: Nguyen Van Tien Natural Sciences Department Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature

Company LOGO Content I.Naming Hydrocarbon. II.Naming other organic compounds III.Drawing Structural Formulas 2

Company LOGO Naming IUPAC: each name consists of 3 parts ü prefix  indicates position, number, and type of branches  indicates position, number, and type of each functional group ü parent  indicates the length of the longest carbon chain or ring ü suffix  indicates the type of hydrocarbon  ane, ene, yne  certain functional groups 3 Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature

Company LOGO NAMING HYDROCARBON  Aliphatic hydrocarbons  ALKANES (C n H 2n+2 )  ALKENES (C n H 2n )  ALKYNES (C n H 2n-2 )  Aromatic hydrocarbons: (C n H 2n-6 ) 4 Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature

Company LOGO Naming Alkanes 1)Find the longest continuous carbon chain 2)Number the chain from end closest to a branch 3)Name branches as alkyl groups  locate each branch by preceding its name with the carbon number on the chain 4)List branches alphabetically  do not count n-, sec-, t-, count iso 5)Use prefix if more than one of same group present  di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa  do not count in alphabetizing 5 Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature

Company LOGO 6 Alkyl Groups Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature

Company LOGO More Alkyl Groups 7 BUTYL Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature

Company LOGO Example – Name the alkane 1)find the longest continuous C chain and use it to determine the base name 8 since the longest chain has 5 C the base name is pentane Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature

Company LOGO Example – Name the alkane 2)identify the substituent branches 9 there are 2 substituents both are 1 C chains, called methyl Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature

Company LOGO Example – Name the alkane 3)number the chain from the end closest to a substituent branch  if first substituents equidistant from end, go to next substituent in 10 both substituents are equidistant from the end then assign numbers to each substituent based on the number of the main chain C it’s attached to Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature

Company LOGO Example – Name the alkane 4)write the name in the following order 1) substituent number of first alphabetical substituent followed by dash 2) substituent name of first alphabetical substituent followed by dash if it’s the last substituent listed, no dash use prefixes to indicate multiple identical substituents 3) repeat for other substituents alphabetically 4) name of main chain ,4 – dimethylpentane Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature

Company LOGO 12 Practice – Name the Following 12 Chapter 1: General Organic Chemistry Module 3: Nomenclature find the longest continuous C chain and use it to determine the base name identify the substituent branches there are 2 substituents methyl ethyl number the chain from the end closest to a substituent branch

Company LOGO methyl ethyl 13 Practice – Name the Following pentane ethyl-2-methyl

Company LOGO 14 Drawing Structural Formulas  draw and number the base chain carbon skeleton  add the carbon skeletons of each substituent on the appropriate main chain C  add in required H’s 4-ethyl-2-methylhexane

Company LOGO 15 Practice – Draw the structural formula 4-isopropyl-2-methylheptane draw and number the base chain carbon skeleton add the carbon skeletons of each substituent on the appropriate main chain C add in required H’s