Elements Pg

Elements Element: is a group of atoms that have the same number of protons The number of protons is something unique and therefore a characteristic property The number of neutrons can differ for each element The number of electrons also differ from each element

Elements cont. Hydrogen is the simplest element It only has 1 proton and 1 electron It is also the lightest element

Periodic Table Periodic Table: It is an organization method for all of the elements The elements are numerically and in an ascending order based on their number of electrons The elements in the first column(family or group) have the same properties and the same electrons on the last ring The elements in the first row (period) have the same number of rings

Families Each of the columns are a family (they all have names) Each of the elements are placed in their family based on their Valence # and characteristic properties There are 8 important families

Periodic Table cont. Elements can be found in all three states in the periodic table – Solid – Liquid – Gas Many periodic tables use colour coding to help you see the difference In your textbook Solid = black, liquid = blue, gas = red

Periodic Table cont. Staircase in the Table: the line that divides metals and non-metals Metals : to the left of the staircase Non-metals: to the right of the staircase Metalloids: on the staircase – 6 total (in green in your textbook)

Periodic Table cont. Vocabulary words – Atomic number (equal to the # of protons and electrons) – Chemical symbol – Name of element You will need to know the first 20 elements plus: – Fe, Ni, Cu, Br, Ag, Sn, I, Au, Hg, U – Tin, Nickel, Copper, Bromine, Silver, Tin, Iodine, Gold, Mercury, Uranium

How to draw your Element By using the Atomic #, family/group and period you can draw your element Oxygen – Atomic # = 8 – Family = 6 – Period = 2 8 electrons 6 electrons on the last ring 2 rings total