Respiratory System

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: Pathway for gas exchange ** O 2 in to blood (For respiration  ENERGY) **CO 2 out of blood Quick Animation

Breathing Breathing is controlled by amount of CO 2 in body Breathing is NOT RESPIRATION !!!!!!!!!!

Respiratory Surface Where gas exchange can occur 4 properties: 1.THIN walled – so diffusion can happen 2.MOIST – Dissolves CO 2 and O 2 3.CONTACT with O 2 source 4.CONTACT with Blood vessels

Respiratory Surfaces Single celled organisms - _____________ Humans – 3 –capillaries –alveoli –cells

Nostrils: Opening to OUTSIDE Nasal passages: Mucus & Cilia -- clean and moisten air Blood Vessels ---- heat air nose video (1:45 or 3:20) Pathway of AIR

Pharynx (throat): Back of throat (behind uvula) Shared with digestive systems Epiglottis: Flap of skin – Covers the “air” tube while swallowing food Larynx : Voice box - VOCAL CORDS….. (think laryngitis) “ADAM’s APPLE”

UPSIDE DOWN TREE !!! Trachea: (windpipe) “Trunk” WINDPIPE CILIA and MUCUS – filter and moisten C- SHAPED CARTILAGE TO PROTECT windpipe video 1:30 0r 3:00 Bronchi: “Branch” - branch into each lung - cilia and mucus – filter and moisten Keeps dividing into smaller and smaller….. Bronchioles: “Branches” Many branches that lead to many small sacs - cilia and mucus

Alveoli (air sacs): “Leaves” TINY air sacs RESPIRATORY SURFACE!!!!! Gas exchange occurs here Quick Animation Flash animationAnimation Flash animation Purpose??? Lung??? –2 main organs for breathing –Made up of bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli –Covered in PLEURA – membrane to keep everything together

SODA CAN Fill out the what did you see part of the worksheet 55 gallon gas tanker

Breathing continuous breathing continuous breathing Diaphragm – Muscle that controls breathing (due to air pressure) Relax – AIR _______________ Contract – AIR _____________

The “Lung” THREE KINGS MOVIE CLIP AIR PRESSURE garbage bag demo

Respiratory System Malfunctions Pneumonia: –Lung infection –Causes alveoli (lungs) to fill with fluid –Caused by bacteria or virus usually

Asthma: –Allergic-like reaction that makes it hard to breath –Bronchi or bronchioles inflamed and increased mucus –Constrict (get smaller) –Asthma Quick animationAsthma Quick animation

Emphysema: –Alveoli lose elasticity making it hard to breath deeply (shallow breaths) –Caused by SMOKING  –Can’t reverse the effects, WHEEEZZZZ

Bronchitis –Inflammation of Bronchi or bronchioles –Tough to breath, coughing –Acute – (Single occurrence) Caused by bacteria or virus  Contagious –Chronic – (happens often) Caused by air irritants (smoking)

Lung Cancer (uncontrolled cell division) –Tumors in lungs due to carcinogens Carcinogen - cancer causing substance *** Leading cause of cancer deaths in US ***

FUN VIDEOS Larynx, Voice Box Videos Tracheotomy Video