goals  Observe distorted galaxies using advanced techmaun telescopes  Determine possible galaxy type  Determine possible causes for the distortions

NGC 7793: 600 sec, clear filter Big MacNew Mexicoz=7E-6 October 14, 2010

Observational hypothesis  2 noticeable spiral arms  Tightly wound  Small bar  SBd  The missing patch on the left indicates some sort of irregularity  Is it possible that this is due galagtic Interaction?  Probably not because there is no other evidence of galactic interaction besides the dark patch  ex: No tidal tail  Could this be evidence against the wind problem?

NGC 150: clear filter, 900 secOctober 19, 2010 TOA-150 Australia

Observational Hypothesis  Hypothesis 1:  Duel galactic centers  2 distinct tidal tails  Galactic interaction of similar size galaxies  Left- Slightly maller and faster galaxy  Right-Slightly larger and slower galaxy  Hypothesis 2:  Original barred spiral SBa or SBb  Possible foreground or background object

Summary: Two galaxies (NGC 7793 and NGC 150) were observed using the advanced techmaun telescopes. The images were examined using an image preview application and zoomed to better examine the distortions. It was not obvious in either case what the causes for the distortions were. The distortions were fairly minor so it was hard to make a clear decision. I looked mainly for evidence of galactic collision. NGC 7793 seemed not be caused by a galactic collision. I decided to do further research as to what scientists have already studied. My findings are explained in the rest of the report. NGC 150 however did show evidence of a possible galactic collision. The tidal tails and distorted center made it a fairly good possibility. However, the galaxy still closely resembled a barred spiral galaxy, so the possibility of a non-interaction foreground or background galaxy must me taken into account.

NGC 7793  Chandra X-ray zoomed  Chandra H-alpha

 Blue-green indicates where there is a black hole  Yellow and red indicates where the jets interact and heat surrounding gas  Chandra Xray, H- alpha

Summary: When more research about NGC 7793 was done, I found that there was a small detected radio wave length coming from near where the distortion lies. Using the Chandra X-ray satellite, scientists took a closer look at the radio emitting area. The images showed a blue center representing a black hole. One yellow and one orange dot representing lobes are located equidistant in opposite directions from the apparent black hole. An h-alpha image was also taken to show the surrounding HII region. The combined image supports the findings of what is called a microquasar. The properties of a microquasar are explained in the rest of the presentation.

What’s a microquasar?  Radio-jet X-ray binary system  One black hole or neutron star (only a few solar masses)  One star less massive than BH  Accretion disc fed by donor star or “accretor”  Disc high in optical and X-ray wavelengths  Jets high in radio wavelength

Jets  Not directionally dependent but highly beamed  Collimated ejecta at less than 15 degrees  Magnetic properties eject material by the cross product of its velocity and the magnetic field at its location  Full reasoning and physics for this phenomenon is still unknown

Brightening blobs  Ejecta smashes into other material  Material must be replenished in order for the brightening to occur again  The accretion disk sends out a broad wind that hits a denser wind from the companion star, creating the viewed radio wavelngths  This wind could also be what replenishes the material.

Are all jets double?  In some cases it may appear that only one jet is present  Because of the magnetic physical properties, however, all jets must be double  Explanations for apparent single jets could be…  One jet is pointing away from us at high speed  One jet radiates more efficiently than the other  For the picture at the right: The jet structure seems to be single sided  The duel lobe structure however supports that the second jet is simply shrouded from view by some physical phenomenon

Summary Microquasars are binary systems consisting of a black hole or neutron star, and large star or galaxy. In my case I am dealing with a black hole and a galaxy. The black hole attracts the outer material of the galaxy, causing the apparent distortions of the galaxy, and creating an accretion disc around the black hole. In general, when most jets are imaged, there seems to be a blob form of ejecta increasing in width as it increases in distance from the black hole. The brightness comes from when the ejecta crashes into other material. The blob form may be cause by when a broad wind from the accresion disc hits a wind from the galaxy. In order for the brightening to occur more than once, the material must be replenished somehow. The wind from the galaxy may be what replenishes the material.

sources  "Quasar Clusters." Thunderbolts Home. Web. 03 Nov  "Redshifts." SkyServer. Web. 01 Nov  "Microquasars in the Milky Way." National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO): Look Deeper. Web. 03 Nov  "Milky Way Quasar - GRS " Laser Star Astrophysics. Web. 10 Nov  "The Cosmological Constant and the Redshift of Quasars." Newton Physics - Links to Papers, Books and Web Sites. Web. 10 Nov