Heung-Sik Kang Pohang Accelerator Laboratory PAL-XFEL 프로젝트에서의 핵심장치 국산화 현황 (Collaboration with Industry for the PAL-XFEL construction Project) Heung-Sik Kang Pohang Accelerator Laboratory

4-th Generation Light Source: PAL-XFEL 0.1-nm Hard X-ray XFEL Project Period: 2011 ~ 2015 Total Budget: 400 M$ 10-GeV Electron Linac (Normal Conducting S-band, 60 Hz) Total Length: 1.1 km Pohang Light Source (3 GeV /400 mA) Linac Undulator Hall Experimental Hall Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, South Korea

10-GeV Linac Commissioned successfully on April 25th.

PAL-XFEL Layout Injector L1 L2 L3 L4 L4

Number of Main Accelerator Sub-Systems Item No. of components Supplier S-band Accelerating Column 175 120: Mitsubishi 55: Vitzrotech S-band Energy Doubler 42 Vitzrotech 200-MW Modulator 50 POSCO ICT, Dawon-Sys 80 MW S-band Klystron Toshiba S-band LLRF / SSA Mobiis Magnet 251 KR Tech, T. H. Elema Undulator 37 (20 for HX, 7 for SX) SFA, Seong-Ho High tech.

Linac rms Stability : 17.1 ppm Peak-to-peak Stability : 120.0 ppm

Challenge: Linac RF Stability  Because of the pulse nature of the normal conducting Linac, RF stability is determined by the klystron modulator stability S-band X-band Frequency [GHz] 2.856 11.424 RF phase stability Goal [degrees] 0.03 0.05 Klystron beam voltage stability [ppm] 55.3 26.1 PLS Linac klystron modulator stability : 1,000 ppm in rms

Why we should collaborate with industry The sub-system requires the state-of art technology in order to satisfy the FEL requirements. Accelerator lab has no enough man-power and engineering technology Industry sector is very advanced in the fields of RF and digital, and fabrication But, Industrial sectors do not know the accelerator fields that are very broad and a combination of engineering and physics. Acc. Labs helps the industrial partners to link the Industrial technology to the accelerator

How we collaborate with Industrial Partner We started the collaboration R&D one year before the official start of project Selection process for Industrial partner Public offering for Partners Qualification examination by Review Committee Start collaboration R&D with selected company Klystron modulator: Two companies LLRF / SSA : Two companies Accelerating structure : one company W/G and SLED : one company Design & simulation : PAL and Company Fabrication & engineering : Company Test and Evaluation : PAL

Example-1: Ultra-Stable Modulator Unit Value RF output power MW 80 Max. peak power 200 Beam voltage kV 400 Beam current A 500 Beam pulse width s 8 Repetition rate max. Hz 60 Pulse transformer turn ratio 17 Perveance p 2 rms Stability : 17.1 ppm Peak-to-peak Stability : 120.0 ppm Collaborated with two Korean companies POSCO-ICT Dawon-Sys

Example-2: S-band Accelerating Structure Accelerating gradient of 27 MV/m Qausi-symmetric coupler with racetrack shape Collaborated with a Korean company : Vitzro-Tech, Korea 120 modules made by MHI, Japan

Example-3: S-band Energy Doubler Two-hole coupling to withstand 380 MW peak RF power * Collaborated with a Korean company : Vitzro-Tech, Korea

Example-4: LLRF controller 10 Channels for pulse measurement 2 Channels for pulse generation IQ modulation & demodulation Arbitrary pulse-shaping function Real-time feedback correction function Klystron beam V & I measurement IPC based computation system Real-time data communication & BSA * Collaborated with Korean company : MOBIIS, Korea :

Example-5: S-Band SSA Main Parameters - Operating frequency : 2856MHz±5MHz - Input power : -10~10 dBm - Input type : Pulse(0.5~7μs) or CW - Output power : 600~900W - Output type : Pulse Output power ~950W Stability : 0.02%(Amplitude), 0.02°(Phase)

Example-6: X-band SSA for PAL-XFEL 20-way combiner + Dual directional coupler : I.L < 0.8dB Pout of Unit SSPA >= 49.0dBm (80W) 20ea * Unit SSPA >= 62.0dBm (1.6KW) Final Coaxial Cable I.L <= 0.5dB Final Flange Adapter I.L <= 0.2dB Expected Final Pout = 62-0.8-0.5-0.2= 60.5dBm (1.1KW)

Example-7: Undulator 5-m long Undulator 37 units are constructed by two Korean company: SFA and Seong- Ho High tech Undulator Measurement Room Hall Probe System and Prototype Undulator stable temperature control of ±0.1°C

Coherent Radiation Monitor PAL-XFEL Diagnostics System No. of Devices Control system Function Stripline BPM 158 mTCA system Beam position Cavity BPM 50 Screen Monitor Beam profile Wire Scanner 11 VME system Coherent Radiation Monitor 4 Bunch length Deflector 3 Bunch Length Cavity BPM Screen Monitor Stripline BPM Wire Scanner Coherent Radiation Monitor

Example-7: Screen Monitor

Example-8: PAL-XFEL Cavity BPM Beam test at LCLS-1 LCLS BPM PAL BPM Technology is transferred to Vitzro-tech. Vitzro-tech made a contracted with SLAC

Conclusion Collaboration with Industry is very successful. Many key sub-systems with the state of the art technology are developed by collaborating with industry The measured beam stability at 10 GeV shows that the sub-system performances meet the FEL requirements.

Thank you for your attention